Hubble trouble or Hubble bubble?

Abstract

The recent analysis of low-redshift supernovae (SN) has increased the apparent tension between the value of $H_0$ estimated from low and high redshift observations such as the cosmic microwave background (CMB) radiation. At the same time other observations have provided evidence of the existence of local radial inhomogeneities extending in different directions up to a redshift of about $0.07$. About $40\%$ of the Cepheids used for SN calibration are directly affected because are located along the directions of these inhomogeneities. We derive a new simple formula relating directly the luminosity distance to the monopole of the density contrast, which does not involve any metric perturbation. We then use it to develop a new inversion method to reconstruct the monopole of the density field from the deviations of the redshift uncorrected observed luminosity distance respect to the $\Lambda CDM$ prediction based on cosmological parameters obtained from large scale observations. The inversion method confirms the existence of inhomogeneities whose effects were not previously taken into account because the $2M++$ density field maps used to obtain the peculiar velocity for redshift correction were for $z\le 0.06$, which is not a sufficiently large scale to detect the presence of inhomogeneities extending up to $z=0.07$. The inhomogeneity does not affect the high redshift luminosity distance because the volume averaged density contrast tends to zero asymptotically, making the value of $H_0^{CMB}$ obtained from CMB observations insensitive to any local structure. The inversion method can provide a unique tool to reconstruct the density field at high redshift where only SN data is available, and in particular to normalize correctly the density field respect to the average large scale density of the Universe.

14 pages, 3 figures, published in IJMPD

References in corpus (4)

• A 2.4% Determination of the Local Value of the Hubble Constant
• Cosmological parameters from the comparison of peculiar velocities with predictions from the 2M++ density field
• Mapping Luminosity-Redshift Relationship to LTB Cosmology
• Reconstructing the metric of the local Universe from number counts observations

Cited by in corpus (15)

• New physics in light of the $H_0$ tension: an alternative view
• Non-minimal dark sector physics and cosmological tensions
• The KBC void and Hubble tension contradict $\Lambda$CDM on a Gpc scale $-$ Milgromian dynamics as a possible solution
• Quantifying the evidence for the current speed-up of the Universe with low and intermediate-redshift data. A more model-independent approach
• Using spatial curvature with HII galaxies and cosmic chronometers to explore the tension in $H_0$
• Cosmic variance of $H_0$ in light of forthcoming high-redshift surveys
• How does an incomplete sky coverage affect the Hubble Constant variance?
• The Maximum Angular-Diameter Distance in Cosmology
• $H_0$ tension or $M$ overestimation?
• Phantom Dirac-Born-Infeld Dark Energy
• Deep learning reconstruction of the large scale structure of the Universe from luminosity distance observations
• Coordinate independent approach to the calculation of the effects of local structure on the luminosity distance
• A step in the right direction? Analyzing the Wess Zumino Dark Radiation solution to the Hubble tension
• The Effects of the Gravitational Coupling Variation on the Local $H_0$ Estimation
• Sample Variance for Supernovae Distance Measurements and the Hubble tension