$H_0$ tension or $M$ overestimation?

Abstract

There is a strong discrepancy between the value of the Hubble parameter $H_0^P$ obtained from large scale observations such as the Planck mission, and the small scale value $H_0^R$, obtained from low redshift supernovae (SNe). The value of the absolute magnitude $M^{Hom}$ used as prior in analyzing observational data is obtained from low-redshift SNe, assuming a homogeneous Universe, but the distance of the anchors used to calibrate the SNe to obtain $M$ would be affected by a local inhomogeneity, making it inconsistent to test the Copernican principle using $M^{Hom}$, since $M$ estimation itself is affected by local inhomogeneities. We perform an analysis of the luminosity distance of low redshift SNe, using different values of $M$, $\{M^P,M^R\}$, corresponding to different values of $H_0$, $\{H_0^P,H_0^R\}$, obtained from the model independent consistency relation between $H_0$ and $M$ which can be derived from the definition of the distance modulus. We find that the value of $M$ can strongly affect the evidence of a local inhomogeneity. We analyze data from the Pantheon catalog, finding no significant statistical evidence of a local inhomogeneity using the parameters $\{M^R,H_0^R\}$, confirming previous studies, while with $\{M^P,H_0^P\}$ we find evidence of a small local void, which causes an overestimation of $M^R$ with respect to $M^P$. An inhomogeneous model with the parameters $\{M^P,H_0^P\}$ fits the data better than a homogeneous model with $\{M^R,H_0^R\}$, resolving the apparent $H_0$ tension. Using $\{M^P,H_0^P\}$, we obtain evidence of a local inhomogeneity with a density contrast $-0.140\pm 0.042$, extending up to a redshift of $z_v=0.056\pm 0.0002$, in good agreement with recent results of galaxy catalogs analysis.

arXiv comment15 pages, 2 figures, 2 tables. Version accepted by EPJC

References in corpus (32)

• The Complete Light-curve Sample of Spectroscopically Confirmed Type Ia Supernovae from Pan-STARRS1 and Cosmological Constraints from The Combined Pantheon Sample
• A 2.4% Determination of the Local Value of the Hubble Constant
• An Improved Distance to NGC 4258 and its Implications for the Hubble Constant
• To H0 or not to H0?
• The 2M++ galaxy redshift catalogue
• Confronting Lemaitre-Tolman-Bondi models with Observational Cosmology
• On the use of the local prior on the absolute magnitude of Type Ia supernovae in cosmological inference
• Can Late Dark Energy Transitions Raise the Hubble constant?
• Evidence for a ~300 Mpc Scale Under-density in the Local Galaxy Distribution
• Large Scale Inhomogeneity Versus Source Evolution -- Can We Distinguish Them Observationally?
• The effect of inhomogeneous expansion on the supernova observations
• Cosmic variance and the measurement of the local Hubble parameter
• Is there Evidence for a Hubble bubble? The Nature of Type Ia Supernova Colors and Dust in External Galaxies
• The Local Perspective on the Hubble Tension: Local Structure Does Not Impact Measurement of the Hubble Constant
• Model independent tests of the standard cosmological model
• The KBC void and Hubble tension contradict $\Lambda$CDM on a Gpc scale $-$ Milgromian dynamics as a possible solution
• Precision cosmology defeats void models for acceleration
• The value of H_0 in the inhomogeneous Universe
• Anti-lensing: the bright side of voids
• Constraints on large scale inhomogeneities from WMAP-5 and SDSS: confrontation with recent observations
• Cosmological perturbation effects on gravitational-wave luminosity distance estimates
• How does the cosmic large-scale structure bias the Hubble diagram?
• On the local variation of the Hubble constant
• Effects of inhomogeneities on apparent cosmological observables: "fake" evolving dark energy
• The Local Hole: a galaxy under-density covering 90% of sky to ~200 Mpc
• The Copernican principle in light of the latest cosmological data
• Corrections to the apparent value of the cosmological constant due to local inhomogeneities
• Hubble trouble or Hubble bubble?
• Directional dependence of the local estimation of $H_0$ and the non perturbative effects of primordial curvature perturbations
• Probing homogeneity with standard candles
• Combining gravitational and electromagnetic waves observations to investigate local structure and the Hubble tension
• The Age of the Universe, the Hubble Constant and QSOs in a Locally Inhomogeneous Universe

Cited by in corpus (5)

• Seven hints that early-time new physics alone is not sufficient to solve the Hubble tension
• An Effective Sign Switching Dark Energy: Lotka-Volterra Model of Two Interacting Fluids
• Scrutinizing coupled vector dark energy in light of data
• 3D Localization of FRB 20190425A for Its Potential Host Galaxy and Implications
• The Effects of the Gravitational Coupling Variation on the Local $H_0$ Estimation