Unveiling the Dynamics of the Universe

Abstract

We explore the dynamics and evolution of the Universe at early and late times, focusing on both dark energy and extended gravity models and their astrophysical and cosmological consequences. Modified theories of gravity not only provide an alternative explanation for the recent expansion history of the universe, but they also offer a paradigm fundamentally distinct from the simplest dark energy models of cosmic acceleration. In this review, we perform a detailed theoretical and phenomenological analysis of different modified gravity models and investigate their consistency. We also consider the cosmological implications of well motivated physical models of the early universe with a particular emphasis on inflation and topological defects. Astrophysical and cosmological tests over a wide range of scales, from the solar system to the observable horizon, severely restrict the allowed models of the Universe. Here, we review several observational probes -- including gravitational lensing, galaxy clusters, cosmic microwave background temperature and polarization, supernova and baryon acoustic oscillations measurements -- and their relevance in constraining our cosmological description of the Universe.

94 pages, 14 figures. Review paper accepted for publication in a Special Issue of Symmetry. "Symmetry: Feature Papers 2016". V2: Matches published version, now 79 pages (new format)

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Cited by in corpus (22)

• Wormholes and black universes without phantom fields in Einstein-Cartan theory
• A designer approach to $f(Q)$ gravity and cosmological implications
• Viable Mimetic Completion of Unified Inflation-Dark Energy Evolution in Modified Gravity
• Hybrid metric-Palatini stars
• On dynamical systems approaches and methods in $f(R)$ cosmology
• Forecasting F(Q) cosmology with $\Lambda$CDM background using standard sirens
• Observational Constraints and Cosmological Implications of Scalar-Tensor $f(R,T)$ Gravity
• (Regular) Black holes in conformal Killing gravity coupled to nonlinear electrodynamics and scalar fields
• Dynamic wormhole geometries in hybrid metric-Palatini gravity
• Gravitationally induced particle production in scalar-tensor $f(R,T)$ gravity
• Geodesically complete BTZ-type solutions of $2+1$ Born-Infeld gravity
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• Cosmological study of a symmetric teleparallel gravity model
• What if Newton's Gravitational Constant was negative?
• Baryogenesis: A Symmetry Breaking in the Primordial Universe Revisited
• Modified Gravity with Nonminimal Curvature-Matter Couplings: A Framework for Gravitationally Induced Particle Creation
• Phantom Domain Walls
• Eckart heat-flux applicability in $F(\Phi ,X)R$ theories and the existence of temperature gradients
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• Halos of dark energy