Gravitational wave observations may constrain gamma-ray burst models: the case of GW 150914 - GBM

Abstract

The possible short gamma-ray burst (GRB) observed by {\it Fermi}/GBM in coincidence with the first gravitational wave (GW) detection, offers new ways to test GRB prompt emission models. Gravitational wave observations provide previously unaccessible physical parameters for the black hole central engine such as its horizon radius and rotation parameter. Using a minimum jet launching radius from the Advanced LIGO measurement of GW~150914, we calculate photospheric and internal shock models and find that they are marginally inconsistent with the GBM data, but cannot be definitely ruled out. Dissipative photosphere models, however have no problem explaining the observations. Based on the peak energy and the observed flux, we find that the external shock model gives a natural explanation, suggesting a low interstellar density ($\sim 10^{-3}$ cm${}^{-3}$) and a high Lorentz factor ($\sim 2000$). We only speculate on the exact nature of the system producing the gamma-rays, and study the parameter space of a generic Blandford Znajek model. If future joint observations confirm the GW-short GRB association we can provide similar but more detailed tests for prompt emission models.

arXiv comment10 pages, 4 figures, minor additions, ApJL accepted

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Cited by in corpus (8)

• High-Energy Multi-Messenger Transient Astrophysics
• Analysis of Sub-threshold Short Gamma-ray Bursts in Fermi GBM Data
• GW150914-like Black Holes as Galactic High-Energy Sources
• Fermi observations of the LIGO event GW170104
• GRB Observational Properties
• Fermi GBM follow-up of LIGO-Virgo binary black hole mergers -- detection prospects
• Radio follow-up of a candidate gamma-ray transient in the sky localization area of GW170608
• Size of Shell Universe in Light of Fermi GBM Transient Associated with GW150914