Reflectivity properties of graphene with nonzero mass-gap parameter

Abstract

The reflectivity properties of graphene with nonzero mass-gap parameter are investigated in the framework of Dirac model using the polarization tensor in (2+1)-dimensional space-time. For this purpose, a more simple explicit representation for the polarization tensor along the real frequency axis is found. The approximate analytic expressions for the polarization tensor and for the reflectivities of graphene are obtained in different frequency regions at any temperature. We show that the nonzero mass-gap parameter has a profound effect on the reflectivity of graphene. Specifically, at zero temperature the reflectivity of gapped graphene goes to zero with vanishing frequency. At nonzero temperature the same reflectivities are equal to unity at zero frequency. We also find the resonance behavior of the reflectivities of gapped graphene at both zero and nonzero temperature at the border frequency determined by the width of the gap. At nonzero temperature the reflectifities of graphene drop to zero in the vicinity of some frequency smaller than the border frequency. Our analytic results are accompanied with numerical computations performed over a wide frequency region. The developed formalism can be used in devising nanoscale optical detectors, optoelectronic switches and in other optical applications of graphene.

26 pages, 7 figures; to appear in Phys. Rev. A

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• An alternative response to the off-shell quantum fluctuations: A step forward in resolution of the Casimir puzzle
• Thermal effect in the Casimir force for graphene and graphene-coated substrates: Impact of nonzero mass gap and chemical potential
• Casimir and Casimir-Polder Forces in Graphene Systems: Quantum Field Theoretical Description and Thermodynamics
• Kramers-Kronig relations and causality conditions for graphene in the framework of the Dirac model
• Quantum electrodynamic approach to the conductivity of gapped graphene
• Impact of chemical potential on the reflectance of graphene in the infrared and microwave domains
• Nernst heat theorem for the thermal Casimir interaction between two graphene sheets
• Optical properties of dielectric plates coated with gapped graphene
• Graphene may help to solve the Casimir conundrum in indium tin oxide systems
• Impact of Mass-Gap on the Dispersion Interaction of Nanoparticles with Graphene out of Thermal Equilibrium
• On the convergence of the polarization tensor in space-time of three dimensions
• The Casimir-Polder interaction of an atom and real graphene sheet: Verification of the Nernst heat theorem
• Maximum reflectance and transmittance of films coated with gapped graphene in the context of Dirac model
• Reflectance of graphene-coated dielectric plates in the framework of Dirac model: Joint action of energy gap and chemical potential