Emergent behavior in active colloids

Abstract

Active colloids are microscopic particles, which self-propel through viscous fluids by converting energy extracted from their environment into directed motion. We first explain how articial microswimmers move forward by generating near-surface flow fields via self-phoresis or the self-induced Marangoni effect. We then discuss generic features of the dynamics of single active colloids in bulk and in confinement, as well as in the presence of gravity, field gradients, and fluid flow. In the third part, we review the emergent collective behavior of active colloidal suspensions focussing on their structural and dynamic properties. After summarizing experimental observations, we give an overview on the progress in modeling collectively moving active colloids. While active Brownian particles are heavily used to study collective dynamics on large scales, more advanced methods are necessary to explore the importance of hydrodynamic and phoretic particle interactions. Finally, the relevant physical approaches to quantify the emergent collective behavior are presented.

31 pages, 14 figures

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Cited by in corpus (192)

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• An agent-based framework of active matter with applications in biological and social systems
• Multi-species dynamical density functional theory for microswimmers: derivation, orientational ordering, trapping potentials, and shear cells
• Modeling chemo-hydrodynamic interactions of phoretic particles: a unified framework
• Driven probe under harmonic confinement in a colloidal bath
• Particle-scale statistical theory for hydrodynamically induced polar ordering in microswimmer suspensions
• Enhanced persistence and collective migration in cooperatively aligning cell clusters
• Frequency-dependent higher-order Stokes singularities near a planar elastic boundary: implications for the hydrodynamics of an active microswimmer near an elastic interface
• Inertial active matter with Coulomb friction
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• Confinement-induced alternating interactions between inclusions in an active fluid
• Unraveling Modular Microswimmers: From Self-Assembly to Ion-Exchange Driven Motors
• Steady states of active Brownian particles interacting with boundaries
• Dynamics of a microswimmer-microplatelet composite
• Density and Polarization of Active Brownian Particles in Curved Activity Landscapes
• Response of active Brownian particles to boundary driving
• Long-range translational order and hyperuniformity in two-dimensional chiral active crystal
• Role of viscoelasticity on the dynamics and aggregation of chemically active sphere-dimers
• Trail-Mediated Self-Interaction
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• Spontaneous propulsion of an isotropic colloid in a phase-separating environment
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• Gauging nanoswimmer dynamics via the motion of large bodies
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• Geometric frustration and pairing order transition in confined bacterial vortices
• Reinforcement learning of a biflagellate model microswimmer
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• Diffusion of gravitactic chiral active Brownian particles in an asymmetric channel
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