Universality of Non-equilibrium Fluctuations in Strongly Correlated Quantum Liquids

Abstract

Interacting quantum many-body systems constitute a fascinating playground for researchers since they form quantum liquids with correlated ground states and low-lying excitations, which exhibit universal behaviour. In fermionic systems, such quantum liquids are realized in helium-3 liquid, heavy fermion systems, neutron stars and cold gases. Their properties in the linear-response regime have been successfully described by the theory of Fermi liquids. However, non-equilibrium properties beyond this regime have still to be established and remain a key issue of many-body physics. Here, we show a precise experimental demonstration of Landau Fermi-liquid theory extended to the non-equilibrium regime in a 0-D system. Combining transport and ultra-sensitive current noise measurements, we have unambiguously identified the SU(2) and SU(4) symmetries of quantum liquid in a carbon nanotube tuned in the universal Kondo regime. We find that, while the electronic transport is well described by the free quasi-particle picture around equilibrium, a two-particle scattering process due to residual interaction shows up in the non-equilibrium regime. By using the extended Fermi-liquid theory, we obtain the interaction parameter "Wilson ratio" $R=1.9\pm 0.1$ for SU(2) and $R=1.35\pm 0.1$ for SU(4) as well as the corresponding effective charges, characterizing the quantum liquid behaviour. This result, in perfect agreement with theory, provides a strong quantitative experimental background for further developments of the many-body physics. Moreover, we discovered a new scaling law for the effective charge, signalling as-yet-unknown universality in the non-equilibrium regime. Our method to address quantum liquids through their non-equilibrium noise paves a new road to tackle the exotic nature of quantum liquids out-of-equilibrium in various physical systems.

accepted for publication in Nature Physics

References in corpus (8)

• Orbital Kondo effect in carbon nanotubes
• SU(4) and SU(2) Kondo Effects in Carbon Nanotube Quantum Dots
• Quantum phase transition in capacitively coupled double quantum dots
• Two-electron bunching in transport through a QD induced by Kondo correlations
• Evolution of the Kondo Effect in a Quantum Dot Probed by the Shot Noise
• Full counting statistics for the Kondo dot in the unitary limit
• Current noise through a Kondo quantum dot in a SU(N) Fermi liquid state
• The Kondo crossover in shot noise of a single quantum dot with orbital degeneracy

Cited by in corpus (61)

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• Fractionalization and anyonic statistics in the integer quantum Hall collider
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• Atomic scale shot-noise using broadband scanning tunnelling microscopy
• Higher-order Fermi-liquid corrections for an Anderson impurity away from half-filling
• Revealing strong correlations in higher order transport statistics: a noncrossing approximation approach
• Lead Geometry and Transport Statistics in Molecular Junctions
• Nonrenewal statistics in transport through quantum dots
• Nonequilibrium Majorana fluctuations
• Waiting time distribution revealing the internal spin dynamics in a double quantum dot
• Does delta-$T$ noise probe quantum statistics?
• Emission Noise and High Frequency Cut-Off of the Kondo Effect in a Quantum Dot
• Thermoelectric Transport through SU(N) Kondo Impurity
• Blocking transport resonances via Kondo entanglement in quantum dots
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• Enhanced shot noise of multiple Andreev reflections in a carbon nanotube quantum dot in SU(2) and SU(4) Kondo regimes
• Fabry-Pérot oscillations in correlated carbon nanotubes
• Fermi liquid theory for nonlinear transport through a multilevel Anderson impurity
• Field-induced SU(4) to SU(2) Kondo crossover in a half-filling nanotube dot: spectral and finite-temperature properties
• Three-body correlations in nonlinear response of correlated quantum liquid
• Magnonic Noise and Wiedemann-Franz Law
• Delta-T noise in the Kondo regime
• Differential current noise as an identifier of Andreev bound states that induce nearly quantized conductance plateaus
• Field-Enhanced Kondo Correlations in a Half-Filling Nanotube Dot: Evolution of an SU(N) Fermi-Liquid Fixed Point
• Current noise and Keldysh vertex function of an Anderson impurity in the Fermi liquid regime
• Scanning Tunneling Shot Noise Spectroscopy in Kondo Systems
• Phase-Coherent Dynamics of Quantum Devices With Local Interactions
• What Can We Learn from Noise? -- Mesoscopic Nonequilibrium Statistical Physics --
• Nonlinear Fermi-liquid transport through a quantum dot in asymmetric tunnel junctions
• Finite shot noise and electron heating at quantized conductance in high-mobility quantum point contacts
• Non-Gaussian Current Fluctuations in a Short Diffusive Conductor
• Nonequilibrium noise as a probe of pair-tunneling transport in the BCS--BEC Crossover
• Blocking-state influence on shot noise and conductance in quantum dots
• Intra- and inter-shell Kondo effects in carbon nanotube quantum dots
• Coherent Transport of Levitons Through the Kondo Resonance
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• Noise of a chargeless Fermi liquid
• Effects of strong electron interactions and resonance scattering on power output of nano-devices
• Electrical detectability of magnon-mediated spin current shot noise
• Quantum noise in carbon nanotubes as a probe of correlations in the Kondo regime
• Cryogenic GaAs high-electron-mobility-transistor amplifier for current noise measurements
• Role of bias and tunneling asymmetries in nonlinear Fermi-liquid transport through an SU($N$) quantum dot
• Conductance quantization and shot noise of a double-layer quantum point contact
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• Selective tuning of spin-orbital Kondo contributions in parallel-coupled quantum dots
• Thermoelectric transport and current noise through a multilevel Anderson impurity: Three-body Fermi-liquid corrections in quantum dots and magnetic alloys
• Unhiding a concealed resonance by multiple Kondo transitions in a quantum dot
• Kondo Temperature Evaluated from Linear Conductance in Magnetic Fields
• Tracking evaporative cooling of a mesoscopic atomic quantum gas in real time
• Current cross-correlation in the Anderson impurity model with exchange interaction
• Flavor Quantum Dots and Artificial Quark Model in Transition Metal Dichalcogenides
• Three-body Fermi liquid corrections for an infinite-$U$ SU($N$) Anderson impurity model
• Bell-state correlations in current of local Fermi liquid
• Fractional shot noise of an SU(N) Kondo system
• Three-body Fermi-liquid corrections for Andreev transport through quantum dots
• Getting information from the mixed electrical-heat noise