Black phosphorus as saturable absorber for the Q-switched Er:ZBLAN fiber laser at 2.8 μm

Abstract

Black phosphorus, a newly emerged two-dimensional material, has attracted wide attention as novel photonic material. Here, multi-layer black phosphorus is successfully fabricated by liquid phase exfoliation method. By employing black phosphorus as saturable absorber, we demonstrate a passively Q-switched Er-doped ZBLAN fiber laser at the wavelength of 2.8 μm. The modulation depth and saturation fluence of the black phosphorus saturable absorber are measured to be 15% and 9 μJ/cm2, respectively. The Q-switched fiber laser delivers a maximum average power of 485 mW with corresponding pulse energy of 7.7 μJ and pulse width of 1.18 μs at repetition rate of 63 kHz. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time to demonstrate that black phosphorus can realize Q-switching of 2.8-μm fiber laser. Our research results show that black phosphorus is a promising saturable absorber for mid-infrared pulsed lasers.

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• Multilayer black phosphorus as broadband saturable absorber for pulsed lasers from 1 to 2.7 μm wavelength
• Q-switched Dy:ZBLAN fiber lasers beyond 3 μm: comparison of pulse generation using acousto-optic modulation and inkjet-printed black phosphorus
• Tunable and Broadband Coherent Perfect Absorption by Ultrathin Black Phosphorus Metasurfaces
• Strain-Engineered Widely-Tunable Perfect Absorption Angle in Black Phosphorus from First-Principles
• Comparison of Optical Response from DFT Random Phase Approximation and Low-Energy Effective Model: Strained Phosphorene
• Mono-elemental saturable absorber in mode-locked fiber laser: A review