Adiabatic Invariance of Oscillons/I-balls

Abstract

Real scalar fields are known to fragment into spatially localized and long-lived solitons called oscillons or $I$-balls. We prove the adiabatic invariance of the oscillons/$I$-balls for a potential that allows periodic motion even in the presence of non-negligible spatial gradient energy. We show that such potential is uniquely determined to be the quadratic one with a logarithmic correction, for which the oscillons/$I$-balls are absolutely stable. For slightly different forms of the scalar potential dominated by the quadratic one, the oscillons/$I$-balls are only quasi-stable, because the adiabatic charge is only approximately conserved. We check the conservation of the adiabatic charge of the $I$-balls in numerical simulation by slowly varying the coefficient of logarithmic corrections. This unambiguously shows that the longevity of oscillons/$I$-balls is due to the adiabatic invariance.

26 papes, 4 figures

References in corpus (8)

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• Oscillons and Quasi-breathers in the ϕ^4 Klein-Gordon model
• Analytical Characterization of Oscillon Energy and Lifetime
• Numerical Investigations of Oscillons in 2 Dimensions
• Unnatural Oscillon Lifetimes in an Expanding Background
• Oscillon Lifetime in the Presence of Quantum Fluctuations
• Correspondence of I- and Q-balls as Non-relativistic Condensates
• Decay rates of Gaussian-type I-balls and Bose-enhancement effects in 3+1 dimensions

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