Relic photon temperature versus redshift and the cosmic neutrino background

Abstract

Presuming that CMB photons are described by the deconfining phase of an SU(2) Yang-Mills theory with the critical temperature for the deconfining-preconfining phase transition matching the present CMB temperature $T_0\sim 2.725$K (SU(2)${}_{CMB}$), we investigate how CMB temperature $T$ connects with the cosmological scale factor $a$ in a Friedmann-Lemaître-Robertson-Walker Universe. Owing to a violation of conformal scaling at late times, the tension between the (instantaneous) redshift of reionisation from CMB observation ($z_{re}\sim 11$) and quasar spectra ($z_{re}\sim 6$) is repealed. Also, we find that the redshift of CMB decoupling moves from $z_{dec}\sim 1100$ to $z_{dec}\sim 1775$ which questions $\Lambda$CDM cosmology at high redshifts. Adapting this model to the conventional physics of three flavours of massless cosmic neutrinos, we demonstrate inconsistency with the value N${}_{eff}\sim 3.36$ extracted from Planck data. Interactions between cosmic neutrinos and the CMB implies a {\sl common} temperature $T$ of (no longer separately conserved) CMB and neutrino fluids. N${}_{eff}\sim 3.36$ then entails a universal, temperature induced cosmic neutrino mass $m_{\nu }=\xi T$ with $\xi =3.973$. Our above results on $z_{re}$ and $z_{dec}$, derived from SU(2)${}_{CMB}$ alone, are essentially unaffected when including such a neutrino sector.

19 pages, 5 figures, dedicated to the memory of Pierre van Baal and Dmitri Diakonov, v3: typos corrected

References in corpus (3)

• Global status of neutrino oscillation parameters after Neutrino-2012
• Neutrino cosmology and Planck
• Radiative corrections to the pressure and the one-loop polarization tensor of massless modes in SU(2) Yang-Mills thermodynamics

Cited by in corpus (5)

• Axial Anomaly in Galaxies and the Dark Universe
• An SU(2) gauge principle for the Cosmic Microwave Background: Perspectives on the Dark Sector of the Cosmological Model
• Frequency-redshift relation of the Cosmic Microwave Background
• Cosmological parameters from Planck data in SU(2)${}_{\mathrm{CMB}}$, their local $\Lambda$CDM values, and the modified photon Boltzmann equation
• Cosmic Microwave Background as a thermal gas of SU(2) photons: Implications for the high-z cosmological model and the value of $H_0$