Dust Production Factories in the Early Universe: Formation of Carbon Grains in Red-supergiant Winds of Very Massive Population III Stars

Abstract

We investigate the formation of dust in a stellar wind during the red-supergiant (RSG) phase of a very massive Population III star with the zero-age main sequence mass of 500 M_sun. We show that, in a carbon-rich wind with a constant velocity, carbon grains can form with a lognormal-like size distribution, and that all of the carbon available for dust formation finally condense into dust for wide ranges of the mass-loss rate ((0.1-3)x10^{-3} M_sun yr^{-1}) and wind velocity (1-100 km s^{-1}). We also find that the acceleration of the wind driven by newly formed dust suppresses the grain growth but still allows more than half of gas-phase carbon to be finally locked up in dust grains. These results indicate that at most 1.7 M_sun of carbon grains can form in total during the RSG phase of 500 M_sun Population III stars. Such a high dust yield could place very massive primordial stars as important sources of dust at the very early epoch of the universe if the initial mass function of Population III stars was top-heavy. We also briefly discuss a new formation scenario of carbon-rich ultra-metal-poor stars considering the feedback from very massive Population III stars.

arXiv comment1 table, 4 figures, accepted for publication in the ApJ Letters

References in corpus (29)

• The Nucleosynthetic Signature of Population III
• The First Stars
• One Hundred First Stars : Protostellar Evolution and the Final Masses
• A stellar relic from the early Milky Way
• Dust in the Early Universe: Dust Formation in the Ejecta of Population III Supernovae
• Dust Formation and Survival in Supernova Ejecta
• Protostellar Feedback Halts the Growth of the First Stars in the Universe
• Dust emission from the most distant quasars
• Formation of the First Stars by Accretion
• Evolution of Dust in Primordial Supernova Remnants: Can Dust Grains Formed in the Ejecta Survive and be Injected into the Early Interstellar Medium?
• The Evolution of Dust in the Early Universe with Applications to the Galaxy SDSS J1148+5251
• Fallback and Black Hole Production in Massive Stars
• HE 0557-4840 - Ultra-Metal-Poor and Carbon-Rich
• Stellar sources of dust in the high redshift Universe
• Evolution of massive population III stars with rotation and magnetic fields
• The origin of dust in high redshift QSOs: the case of SDSS J1148+5251
• HE 1327-2326, an unevolved star with [Fe/H]<-5.0. II. New 3D-1D corrected abundances from a VLT/UVES spectrum
• Dust Destruction in the High-Velocity Shocks Driven by Supernovae in the Early Universe
• The Origin of Dust in the Early Universe: Probing the Star Formation History of Galaxies by their Dust Content
• The first low-mass stars: critical metallicity or dust-to-gas ratio?
• Evolution of Very Massive Population III Stars with Mass Accretion from Pre-Main Sequence to Collapse
• Quasars as probes of the submillimetre cosmos at z>5: I. Preliminary SCUBA photometry
• The mass of first stars
• Core-Collapse Very Massive Stars: Evolution, Explosion, and Nucleosynthesis of Population III 500 -- 1000 $M_{\odot }$ Stars
• Genesis and evolution of dust in galaxies in the early Universe I. Modeling dust evolution in starburst galaxies
• The formation of the extremely primitive star SDSS J102915+172927 relies on dust
• The Chemical Imprint of Silicate Dust on the Most Metal-Poor Stars
• Formulation of Non-steady-state Dust Formation Process in Astrophysical Environments
• Growth of dust grains in a low-metallicity gas and its effect on the cloud fragmentation

Cited by in corpus (8)

• ALMA uncovers the [CII] emission and warm dust continuum in a z = 8.31 Lyman break galaxy
• Luminous Type II Short-Plateau Supernovae 2006Y, 2006ai, and 2016egz: A Transitional Class from Stripped Massive Red Supergiants
• Pulsations of red supergiant pair-instability supernova progenitors leading to extreme mass loss
• Properties of the post in-spiral common envelope ejecta II: dust formation
• Abundance anomalies in metal-poor stars from Population III supernova ejecta hydrodynamics
• Dust Echoes from Luminous Fast Blue Optical Transients
• Are the Formation and Abundances of Metal-Poor Stars the Result of Dust Dynamics?
• Stellar evolution through the Red Supergiant phase