All-Optical Vector Atomic Magnetometer
arXiv:1403.7545 · doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.113.013001
Abstract
We demonstrate an all-optical magnetometer capable of measuring the magnitude and direction of a magnetic field using nonlinear magneto-optical rotation in a cesium vapor. Vector capability is added by effective modulation of the field along orthogonal axes and subsequent demodulation of the magnetic-resonance frequency. This modulation is provided by the AC Stark shift induced by circularly polarized laser beams. The sensor exhibits a demonstrated rms noise floor of 50 fT/Hz^(1/2) in measurement of the field magnitude and 0.5 mrad/Hz^(1/2) in the field direction; elimination of technical noise would improve these sensitivities to 12 fT/Hz^(1/2) and 5 microrad/Hz^(1/2), respectively. Applications for a precise all-optical vector magnetometer would include magnetically sensitive fundamental physics experiments, such as the search for a permanent electric dipole moment of the neutron.
5 pages, 4 figures Supplemental Material: 3 pages, 1 figure
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