Herriott-cavity-assisted all-optical atomic vector magnetometer

Abstract

We report an all-optical atomic vector magnetometer using dual Bell-Bloom optical pumping beams in a Rb vapor cell. This vector magnetometer consists of two orthogonal optical pumping beams, with amplitude modulations at ${}^{85}$Rb and ${}^{87}$Rb Larmor frequencies respectively. We simultaneously detect atomic signals excited by these two pumping beams using a single probe beam in the third direction, and extract the field orientation information using the phase delays between the modulated atomic signals and the driving beams. By adding a Herriott cavity inside the vapor cell, we improve the magnetometer sensitivity. We study the performance of this vector magnetometer in a magnetic field ranging from 100~mG to 500~mG, and demonstrate a field angle sensitivity better than 10~$\mu$rad/Hz${}^{1/2}$ above 10~Hz.

Accepted by PRA

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