Exclusive vector meson production at high energies and gluon saturation

Abstract

We systematically study exclusive diffractive (photo) production of vector mesons ($J/\psi$, $\psi (2s)$, $\varphi$ and $\rho$) off protons in high-energy collisions and investigate whether the production is a sensitive probe of gluon saturation. We confront saturation-based results for diffractive $\psi (2s)$ and $\rho$ production at HERA and $J/\psi$ photoproduction with all available data including recent ones from HERA, ALICE and LHCb, finding good agreement. In particular, we show that the $t$-distribution of differential cross sections of photoproduction of vector mesons offers a unique opportunity to discriminate among saturation and non-saturation models. This is due to the emergence of a pronounced dip (or multiple dips) in the $t$-distribution of diffractive photoproduction of vector mesons at relatively large, but potentially accessible $|t|$ that can be traced back to the unitarity features of colour dipole amplitude in the saturation regime. We show that in saturation models the dips in $t$-distribution recede towards lower $|t|$ with decreasing mass of the vector meson, increasing energy or decreasing Bjorken-$x$, and decreasing virtuality $Q$. We provide various predictions for exclusive (photo) production of different vector mesons including the ratio of $\psi (2s)/J/\psi$ at HERA, the LHC, and future colliders.

20 pages, 24 figures; v3: the old LHCb data replaced with updated 2014 data, ALICE preliminary data added for the comparison, all results and predictions unchanged, 10 new plots added, more predictions, discussions and references added. The version to appear in PRD

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Cited by in corpus (79)

• The Large Hadron-Electron Collider at the HL-LHC
• The ALICE experiment: a journey through QCD
• Exclusive J/$\psi$ photoproduction off protons in ultra-peripheral p-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}=5.02$ TeV
• Mining for Gluon Saturation at Colliders
• Energy dependence of dissociative $J/\psi$ photoproduction as a signature of gluon saturation at the LHC
• Diffractive Dijet Production in Deep Inelastic Scattering and Photon-Hadron Collisions in the Color Glass Condensate
• In depth analysis of the combined HERA data in the dipole models with and without saturation
• Energy dependence of exclusive $J/\psi$ photoproduction off protons in ultra-peripheral p-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}$ = 5.02 TeV
• BFKL evolution and the growth with energy of exclusive J/Psi and Upsilon photo-production cross-sections
• Review of proton and nuclear shape fluctuations at high energy
• Elliptic flow from color-dipole orientation in pp and pA collisions
• Color dipole predictions for the exclusive vector meson photoproduction in $pp/pPb/PbPb$ collisions at Run 2 LHC energies
• Predictions for Cold Nuclear Matter Effects in $p+$Pb Collisions at $\sqrt{s_{{}_{NN}}}=8.16$ TeV
• QCD evolution based evidence for the onset of gluon saturation in exclusive photo-production of vector mesons
• Diffractive dijet production in impact parameter dependent saturation models
• Measurement of exclusive ${\rho }^0$(770) photoproduction in ultraperipheral pPb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}=$ 5.02 TeV
• Theoretical uncertainties in exclusive electroproduction S-wave heavy quarkonia
• Mass dependence of vector meson photoproduction off protons and nuclei within the energy-dependent hot-spot model
• Exclusive vector meson production at an electron-ion collider
• Sub-femtometer scale color charge fluctuations in a proton made of three quarks and a gluon
• Spin effects in the pion holographic light-front wavefunction
• Predictions for $p+$Pb Collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=5$ TeV: Comparison with Data
• Heavy ions at the Future Circular Collider
• The ${\rho }^0$ and Drell-Söding contributions to central exclusive production of ${\pi }^{+}{\pi }^{-}$ pairs in proton-proton collisions at high energies
• Diffractive charmonium spectrum in high energy collisions in the basis light-front quantization approach
• Spinor helicity methods in high-energy factorization: efficient momentum-space calculations in the Color Glass Condensate formalism
• Photonuclear $J/\psi$ production at the LHC: proton-based versus nuclear dipole scattering amplitudes
• Dissociative production of vector mesons at electron-ion colliders
• On theoretical uncertainty of color dipole phenomenology in the J/Psi and Upsilon photoproduction in pA and AA collisions at the CERN Large Hadron Collider
• Prompt double $J/\psi$ production in proton-proton collisions at the LHC
• Exclusive $\rho$ and $J/\Psi$ photoproduction in ultraperipheral $pA$ collisions: Predictions of the gluon saturation models for the momentum transfer distributions
• Exclusive heavy vector meson photoproduction in hadronic collisions at the LHC: predictions of the Color Glass Condensate model for Run 2 energies
• The coherent cross section of vector mesons in ultraperipheral PbPb collisions at the LHC
• Heavy quarkonium photoproduction in ultrarelativistic heavy ion collisions
• Double vector meson production in photon - hadron interactions at hadronic colliders
• Light-front wavefunctions of mesons by design
• Photon-jet ridge at RHIC and the LHC
• Diffractive deeply inelastic scattering in future electron-ion colliders
• Di-photon "Ridge" in p+p and p+A collisions at RHIC and the LHC
• Heavy Mesons Photoproduction in Peripheral AA Collisions
• Exclusive photoproduction of vector meson at next-to-leading order from Color Glass Condensate
• Incoherent vector mesons production in PbPb ultraperipheral collisions at the LHC
• Exclusive vector meson production with a leading neutron in photon - hadron interactions at hadronic colliders
• Exclusive production of $\rho$ meson in gamma-proton collisions: $d\sigma /dt$ and the role of helicity flip processes
• Single inclusive jet production and the nuclear modification ratio at very forward rapidity in proton-lead collisions with $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 5.02 TeV
• Exclusive photoproduction of vector mesons in proton-lead ultraperipheral collisions at the LHC
• DPS in CGC: HBT correlations in double inclusive photon production
• Direct quarkonium-plus-gluon production in DIS in the Color Glass Condensate
• Exclusive vector meson production in electron-ion collisions at the EIC, LHeC and FCC-$eh$
• Coherent and incoherent $J/\Psi$ photoproduction in $PbPb$ collisions at the LHC, HE -- LHC and FCC
• The light front wave functions and diffractive electroproduction of vector mesons
• Exclusive vector meson photoproduction in fixed - target collisions at the LHC
• $J/\Psi$ Photoproduction in Peripheral AA Collisions
• Measurement of exclusive $J/\psi$ and $\psi (2S)$ production at $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV
• Exclusive processes in $ep$ collisions at the EIC and LHeC: A closer look on the predictions of saturation models
• Testing Pomeron flavour symmetry with diffractive W charge asymmetry
• Small-$x$ QCD evolution of $2n$ Wilson line correlator: the weak field limit
• Photoproduction of vector mesons in proton-proton ultraperipheral collisions at the CERN Large Hadron Collider
• Coherent and incoherent Upsilon production in ultraperipheral collisions at the Large Hadron Collider
• Exclusive ${\eta }_c$ production by ${\gamma }^{\ast }\gamma$ interactions in electron-ion collisions
• Soft diffraction within the QCD color dipole picture
• Coherent and incoherent production of vector mesons in ultraperipheral collisions of Xenon-ions within the QCD parton saturation approach
• Vector meson photoproduction in UPCs with FoCal
• Exclusive quarkonium photoproduction: predictions with the Balitsky-Kovchegov equation including the full impact-parameter dependence
• Complete calculation of exclusive heavy vector meson production at next-to-leading order in the dipole picture
• Exclusive heavy vector meson production at next-to-leading order in the dipole picture
• Double vector meson production in the International Linear Collider
• Probing Quantum Phenomena through Photoproduction in Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collisions
• Testing the double-logarithm asymptotic gluon density in ultraperipheral heavy ion collisions at the Large Hadron Collider
• Exclusive vector meson photoproduction with a leading baryon in photon - hadron interactions at hadronic colliders
• The energy dependence of exclusive heavy vector meson photoproduction cross-sections and NLO BFKL evolution
• Effective Field Theory Factorization for Diffraction
• Nuclear deformation effects in photoproduction of $\rho$ mesons in ultraperipheral isobaric collisions
• Off forward non-SCHC contributions to exclusive vector quarkonium production from the "spin dependent BFKL Pomeron"
• Central exclusive production at LHCb
• The growth with energy of exclusive $J/\Psi$ and ${\rm Y}$ photo-production cross-sections and BFKL evolution
• Diffractive photoproduction of vector mesons at the LHC
• Probing nuclear structure with the Balitsky-Kovchegov equation in full impact-parameter dependence
• b-CGC versus IP-Sat and high precision combined HERA data