Sub-femtometer scale color charge fluctuations in a proton made of three quarks and a gluon

Abstract

The light-front wave function of a proton composed of three quarks and a perturbative gluon is computed. This is then used to derive expressions for the color charge density correlator $⟨{\rho }^a({\vec{q}}_1){\rho }^b({\vec{q}}_2)⟩$ at $\mathcal{O}(g^4)$ due to the emission of a gluon by one of the quarks in light-cone gauge. The correlator exhibits the soft and collinear singularities. Albeit, we employ exact gluon emission and absorption vertices, and hence the gluon is not required to carry very small light-cone momentum, or to be collinear to the emitting quark. We verify that the correlator satisfies the Ward identity and that it is independent of the renormalization scale, i.e. that ultraviolet divergences cancel. Our expressions provide x-dependent initial conditions for Balitsky-Kovchegov evolution of the C-even part of the dipole scattering matrix to higher energies. That is, we determine the first non-trivial moment of the color charge fluctuations which act as sources for soft color fields in the proton with wavelengths greater than approximately $1/x\sim 10-100$.

arXiv commentFixed a few typos, added remarks about x-dependence; to appear in Phys. Rev. D; v3: fixed collinear regulator; v4: corrects symmetry factors of diagrams with internal gluon exchange

References in corpus (42)

• Operator expansion for high-energy scattering
• Quantum Chromodynamics and Other Field Theories on the Light Cone
• Small-x F_2 Structure Function of a Nucleus Including Multiple Pomeron Exchanges
• Impact Parameter Space Interpretation for Generalized Parton Distributions
• An Impact Parameter Dipole Saturation Model
• Exclusive diffractive processes at HERA within the dipole picture
• Universality of Unintegrated Gluon Distributions at small x
• JaxoDraw: A graphical user interface for drawing Feynman diagrams. Version 2.0 release notes
• AAMQS: A non-linear QCD analysis of new HERA data at small-x including heavy quarks
• Non-linear QCD meets data: A global analysis of lepton-proton scattering with running coupling BK evolution
• Single inclusive particle production at high energy from HERA data to proton-nucleus collisions
• Collinearly-improved BK evolution meets the HERA data
• On solutions of the Balitsky-Kovchegov equation with impact parameter
• Unitarity Corrections in High Energy QCD
• Improving the kinematics for low-x QCD evolution equations in coordinate space
• Exclusive vector meson production at high energies and gluon saturation
• Relativistic Constituent Quark Model of Electroweak Properties of Baryons
• Particle Production at High Energy and Large Transverse Momentum - "The Hybrid Formalism" Revisited
• Non-linear evolution in QCD at high-energy beyond leading order
• Color Glass Condensate at next-to-leading order meets HERA data
• Impact parameter dependent S-matrix for dipole-proton scattering from diffractive meson electroproduction
• Probing subnucleon scale fluctuations in ultraperipheral heavy ion collisions
• Dipole factorization for DIS at NLO I: Loop correction to the photon to quark-antiquark light-front wave-functions
• Wavefunction-Independent Relations between the Nucleon Axial-Coupling g_A and the Nucleon Magnetic Moments
• Confronting impact parameter dependent JIMWLK evolution with HERA data
• Quark Correlations and Single Spin Asymmetries
• Numerical solution of the nonlinear evolution equation at small x with impact parameter and beyond the LL approximation
• One-loop corrections to light cone wave functions: the dipole picture DIS cross section
• Review of proton and nuclear shape fluctuations at high energy
• Pomeron-Odderon interference effects in electroproduction of two pions
• HERA data and collinearly-improved BK dynamics
• Hunting the QCD-Odderon in hard diffractive electroproduction of two pions
• Low $x$ physics as an infinite twist (G)TMD framework: unravelling the origins of saturation
• Collinearly improved kernel suppresses Coulomb tails in the impact-parameter dependent Balitsky-Kovchegov evolution
• Solution to the Balitsky-Kovchegov equation with the collinearly improved kernel including impact-parameter dependence
• Exclusive ${\eta }_c$ photo- and electroproduction at HERA as a possible probe of the odderon singularity in QCD
• Extracting many-body color charge correlators in the proton from exclusive DIS at large Bjorken x
• Multi-quark matrix elements in the proton and three gluon exchange for exclusive ${\eta }_c$ production in photon-proton diffractive scattering
• Accessing the gluonic structure of light nuclei at the Electron Ion Collider
• Reggeization in High Energy QCD
• Computing the gluon Sivers function at small-$x$
• Sub-femtometer scale color charge correlations in the proton

Cited by in corpus (24)

• Mining for Gluon Saturation at Colliders
• The importance of kinematic twists and genuine saturation effects in dijet production at the Electron-Ion Collider
• Massive quarks in NLO dipole factorization for DIS: Longitudinal photon
• Color charge correlations in the proton at NLO: beyond geometry based intuition
• Proton hot spots and exclusive vector meson production
• Quark and gluon entanglement in the proton on the light cone at intermediate $x$
• Hot spots and gluon field fluctuations as causes of eccentricity in small systems
• High-energy dipole scattering amplitude from evolution of low-energy proton light-cone wave functions
• Entanglement entropy of the proton in coordinate space
• Global analysis of polarized DIS & SIDIS data with improved small-$x$ helicity evolution
• Cubic color charge correlator in a proton made of three quarks and a gluon
• Stronger $C$-odd color charge correlations in the proton at higher energy
• Global Bayesian Analysis of $\mathrm{J}/\psi$ Photoproduction on Proton and Lead Targets
• Quark pair angular correlations in the proton: entropy versus entanglement negativity
• Complete Next-to-Leading Order Calculation of Single Inclusive ${\pi }^0$ Production in Forward Proton-Nucleus Collisions
• Quantum entanglement correlations in double quark PDFs
• First saturation correction in high energy proton-nucleus collisions: Part III. Ensemble averaging
• Complete calculation of exclusive heavy vector meson production at next-to-leading order in the dipole picture
• Exclusive heavy vector meson production at next-to-leading order in the dipole picture
• Gluon imaging using azimuthal correlations in diffractive scattering at the Electron-Ion Collider
• Anisotropic flow and the valence quark skeleton of hadrons
• Proton spin from small-$x$ with constraints from the valence quark model
• Exclusive production of light vector mesons at next-to-leading order in the dipole picture
• Universality aspects of quantum corrections to transverse momentum broadening in QCD media