Elastic scattering of hadrons

Abstract

Colliding high energy hadrons either produce new particles or scatter elastically with their quantum numbers conserved and no other particles produced. We consider the latter case here. Although inelastic processes dominate at high energies, elastic scattering contributes considerably (18-25%) to the total cross section. Its share first decreases and then increases at higher energies. Small-angle scattering prevails at all energies. Some characteristic features are seen that provide informationon the geometrical structure of the colliding particles and the relevant dynamical mechanisms. The steep Gaussian peak at small angles is followed by the exponential (Orear) regime with some shoulders and dips, and then by a power-law drop. Results from various theoretical approaches are compared with experimental data. Phenomenological models claiming to describe this process are reviewed. The unitarity condition predicts an exponential fall for the differential cross section with an additional substructure to occur exactly between the low momentum transfer diffraction cone and a power-law, hard parton scattering regime under high momentum transfer. Data on the interference of the Coulomb and nuclear parts of amplitudes at extremely small angles provide the value of the real part of the forward scattering nuclear amplitude. The real part of the elastic scattering amplitude and the contribution of inelastic processes to the imaginary part of this amplitude (the so-called overlap function) at nonforward transferred momenta are also discussed. Problems related to the scaling behavior of the differential cross section are considered. The power-law regime at highest momentum transfer is briefly described.

72 pages, 11 Figures; modified Physics-Uspekhi 56 (2013) 3

References in corpus (25)

• Parton distributions for the LHC
• Hadronic forward scattering: Predictions for the Large Hadron Collider and cosmic rays
• Measurement of the differential cross section dσ/dt in elastic $p\bar{p}$ scattering at sqrt(s)=1.96 TeV
• Generalized Parton Distributions and Description of Electromagnetic and Graviton form factors of nucleon
• Wounded quarks and diquarks in high energy collisions
• The Pierre Auger Observatory II: Studies of Cosmic Ray Composition and Hadronic Interaction models
• The Froissart bound for inelastic cross-sections
• Forward hadronic scattering at 7 TeV: predictions for the LHC; an update
• Checks of asymptotia in pp elastic scattering at LHC
• Determination of the forward slope in $pp$ and $\bar{p}p$ elastic scattering up to LHC energy
• Unitarisation of the hard pomeron and black-disk limit at the LHC
• Elastic $pp$ and $\bar{p}p$ scattering in the models of unitarized pomeron
• Forward hadronic scattering at 8 TeV: predictions for the LHC
• Eikonal zeros in the momentum transfer space from proton-proton scattering: An empirical analysis
• Hard and soft pomerons in elastic nucleon scattering
• Phenomenological Analysis of $pp$ and $\bar{p}p$ Elastic Scattering Based on Theoretical Bounds in High-Energy Physics
• Two-scale hadronic structure and elastic pp scattering: predicted and measured
• Model-independent data reductions of elastic proton-proton scattering
• The black disk to be observed in the Orear region
• Evolution equation for soft physics at high energy
• Froissart Bounds for Amplitudes and Cross Sections at High Energies
• Asymptotics and zeros of the imaginary part of the elastic scattering amplitude
• A Gravitational Potential with Extra-dimensions and Spin Effects In Hadronic Reactions
• Partonic description of soft high energy pp interactions
• On the high-energy Elastic Scattering of hadrons at large t

Cited by in corpus (46)

• Updated measurements of exclusive $J/\psi$ and $\psi (2S)$ production cross-sections in $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}=7$ TeV
• Exclusive $J/\psi$ and $\psi (2S)$ production in $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}=7$ TeV
• Exclusive vector meson production at high energies and gluon saturation
• Promises and challenges of high-energy vortex states collisions
• Elastic scattering and Diffractive dissociation in the light of LHC data
• Measurement of the forward charged particle pseudorapidity density in pp collisions at sqrt{s} = 7 TeV with the TOTEM experiment
• Possible studies at the first stage of the NICA collider operation with polarized and unpolarized proton and deuteron beams
• The interaction region of high energy protons
• Elastic scattering of vortex electrons provides direct access to the Coulomb phase
• Scattering of wave packets with phases
• Hollowness in $pp$ and $p\bar{p}$ scattering in a Regge model
• Proton periphery activated by multiparticle dynamics
• Search for excited electrons and muons in sqrt(s)=8 TeV proton-proton collisions with the ATLAS detector
• Proton-proton hollowness at the LHC from inverse scattering
• Exploring central opacity and asymptotic scenarios in elastic hadron scattering
• The new scattering mode emerging at the LHC?
• Forward Elastic Scattering and Pomeron Models
• A study on analytic parametrizations for proton-proton cross-sections and asymptotia
• Elastic scattering of protons from sqrt{s}=23.5 GeV to 7 TeV from a generalized Bialas-Bzdak model
• t dependence of the slope of the high energy elastic pp cross section
• Unexpected properties of interactions of high energy protons
• Probing phase of a scattering amplitude beyond the plane-wave approximation
• Leading components in forward elastic hadron scattering: Derivative dispersion relations and asymptotic uniqueness
• Experimental signatures of hadron asymptotics at the LHC
• h_c Production at Hadron Colliders
• Critical behavior of cross sections at LHC
• Double-slit experiment in momentum space
• Proton (antiproton) elastic scattering at energies from FNAL to LHC in the tripole pomeron-odderon model
• Scaling behavior of charged hadron $p_T$ distributions in $pp$ and $p\bar{p}$ collisions
• Can the "standard" unitarized Regge models describe the TOTEM data?
• Is elastic scattering at the LHC absorptive or geometric?
• Central and peripheral interactions of hadrons
• High Energy Elastic pp Scattering in Additive Quark Model
• Reflecting disk with black edge
• An analysis of elastic scattering reactions with a Fermi-Dirac pomeron opaqueness in impact parameter space
• Testing scaling laws for the elastic scattering of protons
• Elegent -- an elastic event generator
• Interplay of total cross sections and ratios of real to imaginary parts of hadron amplitudes
• Nuclear elastic scattering of protons below 250 MeV in FLUKA v4-4.0 and its role in single-event-upset production in electronics
• pp elastic scattering at ISR and LHC energies
• Diffractive and deeply virtual Compton scattering in holographic QCD
• Updating an empirical analysis on the proton's central opacity and asymptotia
• Using Integral Dispersion Relations to Extend the LHC Reach for New Physics
• Analytic components for the hadronic total cross-section: Fractional calculus and Mellin transform
• Geometrical Models and Hadronic Radii
• Laplace's method for elastic scattering diagrams within multi-particle fields model