Phase Diagrams for the $\nu$ = 1/2 Fractional Quantum Hall Effect in Electron Systems Confined to Symmetric, Wide GaAs Quantum Wells

Abstract

We report an experimental investigation of fractional quantum Hall effect (FQHE) at the even-denominator Landau level filling factor $\nu$ = 1/2 in very high quality wide GaAs quantum wells, and at very high magnetic fields up to 45 T. The quasi-two-dimensional electron systems we study are confined to GaAs quantum wells with widths $W$ ranging from 41 to 96 nm and have variable densities in the range of $\simeq 4\times 10^{11}$ to $\simeq 4\times 10^{10}$ cm${}^{-2}$. We present several experimental phase diagrams for the stability of the $\nu =1/2$ FQHE in these quantum wells. In general, for a given $W$, the 1/2 FQHE is stable in a limited range of intermediate densities where it has a bilayer-like charge distribution; it makes a transition to a compressible phase at low densities and to an insulating phase at high densities. The densities at which the $\nu =1/2$ FQHE is stable are larger for narrower quantum wells. Moreover, even a slight charge distribution asymmetry destabilizes the $\nu =1/2$ FQHE and turns the electron system into a compressible state. We also present a plot of the symmetric-to-antisymmetric subband separation (${\Delta }_{SAS}$), which characterizes the inter-layer tunneling, vs density for various $W$. This plot reveals that ${\Delta }_{SAS}$ at the boundary between the compressible and FQHE phases increases \textit{linearly} with density for all the samples. Finally, we summarize the experimental data in a diagram that takes into account the relative strengths of the inter-layer and intra-layer Coulomb interactions and ${\Delta }_{SAS}$. We conclude that, consistent with the conclusions of some of the previous studies, the $\nu =1/2$ FQHE observed in wide GaAs quantum wells with symmetric charge distribution is stabilized by a delicate balance between the inter-layer and intra-layer interactions, and is very likely described by a two-component (${\Psi }_{311}$) state.

Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. B

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