Bulk viscosity and conformal symmetry breaking in the dilute Fermi gas near unitarity

Abstract

The dilute Fermi gas at unitarity is scale invariant and its bulk viscosity vanishes. We compute the leading contribution to the bulk viscosity when the scattering length is not infinite. A measure of scale breaking is provided by the ratio $(P-\frac{2}{3}\mathcal{E})/P$, where $P$ is the pressure and $\mathcal{E}$ is the energy density. In the high temperature limit this ratio scales as $\frac{z\lambda }{a}$, where $z$ is the fugacity, $\lambda$ is the thermal wave length, and $a$ is the scattering length. We show that the bulk viscosity $\zeta$ scales as the second power of this parameter, $\zeta \sim (\frac{z\lambda }{a}{)}^2{\lambda }^{-3}$.

20 pages, 1 figure

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• Fluid Dynamics and Viscosity in Strongly Correlated Fluids
• Scale breaking and fluid dynamics in a dilute two-dimensional Fermi gas
• Model-independent determination of the shear viscosity of a trapped unitary Fermi gas: Application to high temperature data
• Hydrodynamic tails and a fluctuation bound on the bulk viscosity
• Fermi liquid theory: A brief survey in memory of Gerald E. Brown
• Constrained Hamiltonian analysis of a non relativistic Schrodinger field coupled with C-S gravity