Dynamics of spin-1 bosons in an optical lattice: spin mixing, quantum phase revival spectroscopy and effective three-body interactions

Abstract

We study the dynamics of spin-1 atoms in a periodic optical-lattice potential and an external magnetic field in a quantum quench scenario where we start from a superfluid ground state in a shallow lattice potential and suddenly raise the lattice depth. The time evolution of the non-equilibrium state, thus created, shows collective collapse-and-revival oscillations of matter-wave coherence as well as oscillations in the spin populations. We show that the complex pattern of these two types of oscillations reveals details about the superfluid and magnetic properties of the initial many-body ground state. Furthermore, we show that the strengths of the spin-dependent and spin-independent atom-atom interactions can be deduced from the observations. The Hamiltonian that describes the physics of the final deep lattice not only contains two-body interactions but also effective multi-body interactions, which arise due to virtual excitations to higher bands. We derive these effective spin-dependent three-body interaction parameters for spin-1 atoms and describe how spin-mixing is affected. Spinor atoms are unique in the sense that multi-body interactions are directly evident in the in-situ number densities in addition to the momentum distributions. We treat both antiferromagnetic (e.g. ${}^{23}$Na atoms) and ferromagnetic (e.g. ${}^{87}$Rb and ${}^{41}$K) condensates.

12 pages, 7 figures

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Cited by in corpus (30)

• Three-Body Interacting Bosons in Free Space
• Effective three-body interactions via photon-assisted tunneling in an optical lattice
• Engineering three-body interaction and Pfaffian states in circuit QED systems
• Antiferromagnetic spinor condensates in a two-dimensional optical lattice
• Arbitrary perfect state transfer in $d$-level spin chains
• Quantum quench and non-equilibrium dynamics in lattice-confined spinor condensates
• Elastic Multi-Body Interactions on a Lattice
• Quenching from superfluid to free bosons in two dimensions: entanglement, symmetries, and quantum Mpemba effect
• First-order superfluid to Mott-insulator phase transitions in spinor condensates
• Bloch oscillations and quench dynamics of interacting bosons in an optical lattice
• Quantum critical dynamics in a spinor Hubbard model quantum simulator
• Dynamically decoupled three-body interactions with applications to interaction-based quantum metrology
• Emergent Fermi sea in a system of interacting bosons
• Mott lobes of the $S=1$ Bose-Hubbard model with three-body interactions
• Dipolar Bose gas with three-body interactions in weak disorder
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• Three-body spin mixing in spin-1 Bose-Einstein condensates
• Particle-Hole Pair Coherence in Mott Insulator Quench Dynamics
• Phase Diagrams of Antiferromagnetic Spin-1 Bosons on Square Optical Lattice with the Quadratic Zeeman Effect
• Cubic-quintic nonlinearity in superfluid Bose-Bose mixtures in optical lattices: Heavy solitary waves, barrier-induced criticality, and current-phase relations
• Spin dynamics of large-spin (spinor) fermions in a harmonic trap
• Phase diagrams and multistep condensations of spin-1 bosonic gases in optical lattices
• Exploring Many-body Interactions Through Quantum Fisher Information
• Atomic interactions for qubit-error compensations
• Three-body and Coulomb interactions in a quasi two-dimensional dipolar Bose condensed gas
• Quantum phases of a spin-1 ultracold Bose gas with three body interactions
• Spin-1 Bose-Hubbard model with two- and three-body interactions
• Dipolar Bose gas with three-body interactions at finite temperature
• Lattice-enabled detection of spin-dependent three-body interactions
• Exotic phase separation in one-dimensional hard-core boson system with two- and three-body interactions