Fate of chiral critical point under the strong isospin asymmetry

Abstract

We study the influence of the isospin asymmetry on the phase structure of strongly interacting quark matter near the critical point (CP) using a Ginzburg-Landau approach. The effect is found to be drastic, not only bringing about the shift of the location of the CP, but resulting in a rich phase structure in the vicinity of the CP. In particular, new tricritical and triple points emerge as soon as the isospin density becomes finite. Moreover, we find the CP being washed out from the phase diagram due to the stabilization of a homogeneous charged pion condensate when the isospin chemical potential exceeds a critical value. We derive a model-independent universal relation between the critical isospin chemical potential and the chiral condensate at the CP. We also study the effect of the $\mathrm{U}(1{)}_{\mathrm{A}}$ anomaly on the phase transition to the pion condensate in the vicinity of chiral crossover.

8 pages, 6 figures; the version to appear in Phys. Rev. D; minor modifications made throughout the text, Fig. 4 added, references updated

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• Inhomogeneous chiral symmetry breaking in dense neutron-star matter
• Critical Endpoint and Inverse Magnetic Catalysis for Finite Temperature and Density Quark Matter in a Magnetic Background
• Hybrid chiral condensate in the external magnetic field
• Ginzburg-Landau phase diagram of QCD near chiral critical point - chiral defect lattice and solitonic pion condensate -
• Enhancement of Chiral Symmetry Breaking from the Pion condensation at finite isospin chemical potential in a holographic QCD model
• Equation of state in the pion condensation phase in the asymmetric nuclear matter using a holographic QCD model
• Chiral crystallization in an external magnetic background - Chiral spiral versus Real kink crystal -
• Lattice QCD with mismatched Fermi surfaces