Pion condensation in a dense neutrino gas

Abstract

We argue that using an equilibrated gas of neutrinos it is possible to probe the phase diagram of QCD for finite isospin and small baryon chemical potentials. We discuss this region of the phase diagram in detail and demonstrate that for large enough neutrino densities a Bose-Einstein condensate of positively charged pions arises. Moreover, we show that for nonzero neutrino density the degeneracy in the lifetimes and masses of the charged pions is lifted.

10 pages, 7 figures. Modifications to Section II, IIIc, and IV

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• Chiral symmetry breaking and pion condensation in the early universe
• Bose-Einstein Condensation and Dissipative Dynamics in a Relativistic Pion Gas