Repulsion-to-attraction transition in correlated electron systems triggered by a monocycle pulse

Abstract

We study the time evolution of the Hubbard model driven by a half-cycle or monocycle pulsed electric field F(t) using the nonequilibrium dynamical mean-field theory. We find that for properly chosen pulse shapes the electron-electron interaction can be effectively and permanently switched from repulsive to attractive if there is no energy dissipation. The physics behind the interaction conversion is a nonadiabatic shift $\delta$ of the population in momentum space. When $\delta \sim \pi$, the shifted population relaxes to a negative-temperature state, which leads to the interaction switching. Due to electron correlation effects $\delta$ deviates from the dynamical phase $\varphi =\int dtF(t)$, which enables the seemingly counterintuitive repulsion-to-attraction transition by a monocycle pulse with $\varphi =0$.

6 pages, 6 figures

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