Escape of cosmic-ray electrons from supernova remnants

Abstract

We investigate escape of cosmic ray (CR) electrons from a supernova remnant (SNR) to interstellar space. We show that CR electrons escape in order from high energies to low energies like CR nuclei, while the escape starts later than the beginning of the Sedov phase at an SNR age of 10^3 - 7*10^3 yrs and the maximum energy of runaway CR electrons is below the knee about 0.3 - 50 TeV because unlike CR nuclei, CR electrons lose their energy due to synchrotron radiation. Highest energy CR electrons will be directly probed by AMS-02, CALET, CTA and LHAASO experiments, or have been already detected by H.E.S.S. and MAGIC as a cutoff in the CR electron spectrum. Furthermore, we also calculate the spatial distribution of runaway CR electrons and their radiation spectra around SNRs. Contrary to common belief, maximum-energy photons of synchrotron radiation around 1 keV are emitted by runaway CR electrons which have been caught up by the shock. Inverse Compton scattering by runaway CR electrons can dominate the gamma-ray emission from runaway CR nuclei via pion decay, and both are detectable by CTA and LHAASO as clues to the CR origin and the amplification of magnetic fluctuations around the SNR. We also discuss middle-aged and/or old SNRs as unidentified very-high-energy gamma-ray sources.

13 pages, 8 figures and 1 table, accepted for publication in MNRAS

References in corpus (25)

• Discrepant hardening observed in cosmic-ray elemental spectra
• Parameterization of Gamma, e^+/- and Neutrino Spectra Produced by p-p Interaction in Astronomical Environment
• Fermi LAT observations of cosmic-ray electrons from 7 GeV to 1 TeV
• Inverse Compton Origin of the Hard X-Ray and Soft Gamma-Ray Emission from the Galactic Ridge
• HESS VHE Gamma-Ray Sources Without Identified Counterparts
• Gamma rays from molecular clouds illuminated by cosmic rays escaping from interacting supernova remnants
• Production of Magnetic Turbulence by Cosmic Rays Drifting Upstream of Supernova Remnant Shocks
• Escaping the accelerator; how, when and in what numbers do cosmic rays get out of supernova remnants?
• In which shell-type SNRs should we look for gamma-rays and neutrinos from p-p collisions?
• Gamma rays from molecular clouds illuminated by accumulated diffusive protons from supernova remnant W28
• The transport of cosmic rays in self-excited magnetic turbulence
• AGILE detection of GeV gamma-ray emission from the SNR W28
• Cosmic-ray current driven turbulence in shocks with efficient particle acceleration: the oblique, long-wavelength mode instability
• A cosmic ray current driven instability in partially ionised media
• Gamma-rays from molecular clouds illuminated by accumulated diffusive protons. II: interacting supernova remnants
• Gamma-ray emission of accelerated particles escaping a supernova remnant in a molecular cloud
• Cosmic Ray streaming from SNRs and gamma ray emission from nearby molecular clouds
• Parameterization of the Angular Distribution of Gamma Rays Produced by p-p Interaction in Astronomical Environment
• Alfven Wave Amplification and Self-Containment of Cosmic-Rays Escaping from a Supernova Remnant
• TeV Electron Spectrum for Probing Cosmic-Ray Escape from a Supernova Remnant
• Nonthermal Radiation from Type Ia Supernova Remnants
• Status of the AMS Experiment
• A long-wavelength instability involving the stress tensor
• On the point source approximation of nearby cosmic-ray sources
• Positron annihilation as a cosmic-ray probe

Cited by in corpus (45)

• Observational signatures of particle acceleration in supernova remnants
• Evolution of high-energy particle distribution in Supernova Remnants
• Cosmic ray protons and electrons from supernova remnants
• On the Spectrum of Electrons Accelerated in Supernova Remnants
• The Transition from Young to Middle-aged Supernova Remnants: Thermal and Nonthermal Aspects of SNR N132D
• Cosmic rays from supernova remnants and superbubbles
• ALMA CO Observations of Gamma-Ray Supernova Remnant N132D in the Large Magellanic Cloud: Possible Evidence for Shocked Molecular Clouds Illuminated by Cosmic-Ray Protons
• Prospects for CTA observations of the young SNR RX J1713.7-3946
• A diffusive origin for the cosmic-ray spectral hardening reveals signatures of a nearbysource in the leptons and protons data
• Multi-messenger constraints to the local emission of cosmic-ray electrons
• Origin and Impacts of the First Cosmic Rays
• Synchrotron X-ray diagnostics of cutoff shape of nonthermal electron spectrum at young supernova remnants
• Observational constraints on the maximum energies of accelerated particles in supernova remnants: low maximum energies and a large variety
• Implications of a possible TeV break in the cosmic-ray electron and positron flux
• Discovery of recombining plasma from the faintest GeV SNR HB 21 and a possible scenario of the cosmic ray escaping from SNR shocks
• Exploring the hadronic origin of LHAASO J1908+0621
• On the hard $\gamma$-ray spectrum of the potential PeVatron supernova remnant G106.3+2.7
• Gamma-ray emitting supernova remnants as the origin of Galactic cosmic rays?
• New high-frequency radio observations of the Cygnus Loop supernova remnant with the Italian radio telescopes
• Is Supernova Remnant Cassiopeia A a PeVatron?
• Electron Acceleration in Middle-age Shell-type $\gamma$-Ray Supernova Remnants
• Cosmic-ray electrons released by supernova remnants
• G17.8+16.7: A New Supernova Remnant
• Magnetic field generation by an inhomogeneous return current
• Study on the escape timescale of high-energy particles from supernova remnants through thermal X-ray properties
• Fast Particle Acceleration at Perpendicular Shocks with Uniform Upstream Magnetic Field and Strong Downstream Turbulence
• The Biermann battery driven by a streaming plasma
• Diffusion of Cosmic Rays in a Multiphase Interstellar Medium Swept-Up by a Supernova Remnant Blast Wave
• Supernova connection of unidentified ultra high energy gamma-ray source LHAASO J2108+5157
• Monte Carlo Study of Electron and Positron Cosmic-Ray Propagation with the CALET Spectrum
• The role of the diffusive protons in the gamma-ray emission of supernova remnant RX J1713.7$-$3946 --- a two-zone model
• On the PeV knee of cosmic rays spectrum and TeV cutoff of electron spectrum
• Detection of gamma rays around SNR HB9 and its implication to the diffusive shock-acceleration history
• G279.0+1.1: a new extended source of high-energy gamma rays
• GeV Gamma-ray Emission and Molecular Clouds towards Supernova Remnant G35.6$-$0.4 and the TeV Source HESS J1858+020
• Dissecting the emission from LHAASO J0341+5258: implications for future multi-wavelength observations
• Origin of Spectral Hardening of Secondary Cosmic-Ray Nuclei
• A Study of GeV Gamma-ray Emission toward Supernova Remnant G51.26+0.11 and Its Molecular Environment
• Radial Profiles of Non-thermal Emission from Supernova Remnant RX J1713.7-3946
• Fermi-LAT detection of GeV $\gamma$-ray emission from Type Ia supernova remnant G272.2-3.2
• Very-high-energy gamma rays from cosmic rays escaping from Galactic black hole binaries
• Proper Motions in the sub-kiloparsec Jet of 3C 78: Novel Constraints on the Physical Nature of Relativistic Jets
• Escape of Secondary Cosmic-Ray Positrons Produced in a Supernova Remnant
• Escape of cosmic rays from perpendicular shocks in the interstellar magnetic field
• Hadronic Scenario for Galactic PeVatron LHAASO J1912+1014u Supported by Fermi-LAT $\gamma$-ray Data and FUGIN CO Data