Relaxation and frequency shifts induced by quasiparticles in superconducting qubits

Abstract

As low-loss non-linear elements, Josephson junctions are the building blocks of superconducting qubits. The interaction of the qubit degree of freedom with the quasiparticles tunneling through the junction represent an intrinsic relaxation mechanism. We develop a general theory for the qubit decay rate induced by quasiparticles, and we study its dependence on the magnetic flux used to tune the qubit properties in devices such as the phase and flux qubits, the split transmon, and the fluxonium. Our estimates for the decay rate apply to both thermal equilibrium and non-equilibrium quasiparticles. We propose measuring the rate in a split transmon to obtain information on the possible non-equilibrium quasiparticle distribution. We also derive expressions for the shift in qubit frequency in the presence of quasiparticles.

25 pages, 6 figures

References in corpus (8)

• Charge insensitive qubit design derived from the Cooper pair box
• Suppressing Charge Noise Decoherence in Superconducting Charge Qubits
• Controlling the spontaneous emission of a superconducting transmon qubit
• Number fluctuations of sparse quasiparticles in a superconductor
• Quasiparticle relaxation of superconducting qubits in the presence of flux
• Energy decay and frequency shift of a superconducting qubit from non-equilibrium quasiparticles
• Quasiparticle decay rate of Josephson charge qubit oscillations
• Kinetics of the superconducting charge qubit in the presence of a quasiparticle

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