Formation process and superparamagnetic properties of (Mn,Ga)As nanocrystals in GaAs fabricated by annealing of (Ga,Mn)As layers with low Mn content

Abstract

X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, and magnetization measurements are employed to study the structural and magnetic properties of Mn-rich (Mn,Ga)As nanocrystals embedded in GaAs. These nanocomposites are obtained by moderate (400C) and high temperature (560 and 630C) annealing of (Ga,Mn)As layers with Mn concentrations between 0.1 and 2%, grown by molecular beam epitaxy at 270oC. Decomposition of (Ga,Mn)As is already observed at the lowest annealing temperature of 400C for layers with initial Mn content of 1% and 2%. Both cubic and hexagonal (Mn,Ga)As nanocrystals, with similar diameters of 7 - 10 nm are observed to coexist in layers with an initial Mn content of 0.5% after higher temperature annealing. Measurements of magnetization relaxation in the time span 0.1 - 10 000 s provide evidence for superparamagnetic properties of the (Mn,Ga)As nanocrystals, as well as for the absence of spin-glass dynamics. These findings point to weak coupling between nanocrystals even in layers with the highest nanocrystal density.

24 pages, 7 figures

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• Structural and optical properties of self-catalytic GaAs:Mn nanowires grown by molecular beam epitaxy on silicon substrates
• Characterization of Fe-N nano crystals and nitrogen-containing inclusions in (Ga,Fe)N thin films using transmission electron microscopy
• Spatially controlled formation of superparamagnetic (Mn,Ga)As nanocrystals in high temperature annealed (Ga,Mn)As/GaAs superlattices
• Off-axis electron holography of magnetic nanostructures: magnetic behavior of Mn rich nanoprecipitates in (Mn,Ga)As system