Ferromagnetic properties of charged vector boson condensate

Abstract

Bose-Einstein condensation of W bosons in the early universe is studied. It is shown that, in the broken phase of the standard electroweak theory, condensed W bosons form a ferromagnetic state with aligned spins. In this case the primeval plasma may be spontaneously magnetized inside macroscopically large domains and form magnetic fields which may be seeds for the observed today galactic and intergalactic fields. However, in a modified theory, e.g. in a theory without quartic self interactions of gauge bosons or for a smaller value of the weak mixing angle, antiferromagnetic condensation is possible. In the latter case W bosons form scalar condensate with macroscopically large electric charge density i.e. with a large average value of the bilinear product of W-vector fields but with microscopically small average value of the field itself.

Some numerical estimates and discussions are added according to the referee's suggestions. This version is accepted for publication in JCAP

References in corpus (5)

• Effective Lagrangian and Quantum Screening in Charged Condensate
• Electrodynamics at non-zero temperature, chemical potential, and Bose condensate
• The Standard Model of Electroweak Interactions
• Effective Field Theory for Quantum Liquid in Dwarf Stars
• Field Theory for a Deuteron Quantum Liquid

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• Warm inflation in the presence of magnetic fields
• The phases of deuterium at extreme densities
• Charge asymmetry from CP-violating fermion scattering off bubble walls during the electroweak phase transition
• Thermodynamics of nuclear condensates and phase transitions in white dwarfs
• Screening of magnetic fields by charged Bose condensate
• Condensation of charged bosons in plasma physics and cosmology
• Ferromagnetic properties of charged vector bosons condensate in the early universe
• Primordial magnetic field generation in the Quark Gluon Plasma phase