Heavy quarks in deep-inelastic scattering

Abstract

We discuss a general framework for the inclusion of heavy quark mass contributions to deep-inelastic structure functions and their perturbative matching to structure functions computed in variable-mass schemes. Our approach is based on the so-called FONLL method, previously introduced and applied to heavy quark hadroproduction and photoproduction. We define our framework, provide expressions up to second order in the strong coupling, and use them to construct matched expressions for structure functions up to NNLO. After checking explicitly the consistency of our results, we perform a study of the phenomenological impact of heavy quark terms, and compare results obtained at various perturbative orders, and with various prescriptions for the treatment of subleading terms, specifically those related to threshold behaviour. We also consider the heavy quark structure function F2c and discuss issues related to the presence of mass singularities in their coefficient functions.

51 pages, 25 figures. Final version, to be published in Nucl. Phys. B. References 19, 20, 24, 36 added; footnote 2 added; comparison to refs.18, 14 added in sect 2.1 and to ref 19 in sect 3.2. Discussion of fig.10 clarified.

References in corpus (7)

• Parton distributions for the LHC
• The 3-, 4-, and 5-flavor NNLO Parton from Deep-Inelastic-Scattering Data and at Hadron Colliders
• Mellin Moments of the {$O({\alpha }_s^3$)} Heavy Flavor Contributions to unpolarized Deep-Inelastic Scattering at $Q^2\gg m^2$ and Anomalous Dimensions
• The Charm Parton Content of the Nucleon
• The SM and NLO multileg working group: Summary report
• PQCD Formulations with Heavy Quark Masses and Global Analysis
• Improved formulation of global QCD analysis with zero-mass hard cross sections

Cited by in corpus (182)

• Parton distributions for the LHC Run II
• Parton distributions with LHC data
• Parton distributions from high-precision collider data
• PDF4LHC recommendations for LHC Run II
• The CT10 NNLO Global Analysis of QCD
• The Path to Proton Structure at One-Percent Accuracy
• A first unbiased global NLO determination of parton distributions and their uncertainties
• APFEL: A PDF Evolution Library with QED corrections
• Impact of Heavy Quark Masses on Parton Distributions and LHC Phenomenology
• Handbook of LHC Higgs Cross Sections: 2. Differential Distributions
• Parton Distributions for LHC
• The Large Hadron-Electron Collider at the HL-LHC
• Illuminating the photon content of the proton within a global PDF analysis
• The Structure of the Proton in the LHC Precision Era
• Measurement of inclusive jet and dijet production in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV using the ATLAS detector
• Parton distributions with small-x resummation: evidence for BFKL dynamics in HERA data
• Les Houches 2015: Physics at TeV Colliders Standard Model Working Group Report
• The PDF4LHC21 combination of global PDF fits for the LHC Run III
• A determination of the fragmentation functions of pions, kaons, and protons with faithful uncertainties
• b-Initiated processes at the LHC: a reappraisal
• The PDF4LHC report on PDFs and LHC data: Results from Run I and preparation for Run II
• A Critical Appraisal and Evaluation of Modern PDFs
• Progress in the Determination of the Partonic Structure of the Proton
• Combination of Measurements of Inclusive Deep Inelastic $e^{\pm }p$ Scattering Cross Sections and QCD Analysis of HERA Data
• Measurement of the Inclusive e{\pm}p Scattering Cross Section at High Inelasticity y and of the Structure Function FL
• Parton Distribution Benchmarking with LHC Data
• Parton Distributions in Nucleons and Nuclei
• Dynamical scales for multi-TeV top-pair production at the LHC
• Effect of changes of variable flavor number scheme on parton distribution functions and predicted cross sections
• Constraints on the gluon PDF from top quark pair production at hadron colliders
• CT14 Intrinsic Charm Parton Distribution Functions from CTEQ-TEA Global Analysis
• Evidence for intrinsic charm quarks in the proton
• Measurement of the inclusive jet cross section in pp collisions at sqrt(s)=2.76 TeV and comparison to the inclusive jet cross section at sqrt(s)=7 TeV using the ATLAS detector
• The Theory of Deeply Inelastic Scattering
• Snowmass 2021 whitepaper: Proton structure at the precision frontier
• Neutrino Telescopes as QCD Microscopes
• Hadron structure in high-energy collisions
• Nuclear Parton Distributions from Lepton-Nucleus Scattering and the Impact of an Electron-Ion Collider
• Recent highlights from GENIE v3
• Higgs production in bottom-quark fusion in a matched scheme
• Heavy-quark deep-inelastic scattering with a running mass
• Precision determination of the small-$x$ gluon from charm production at LHCb
• Revisiting the D-meson hadroproduction in general-mass variable flavour number scheme
• Measurement of dijet cross sections in pp collisions at 7 TeV centre-of-mass energy using the ATLAS detector
• APFEL Web: a web-based application for the graphical visualization of parton distribution functions
• The transverse momentum spectrum of weak gauge bosons at N${}^3$LL+NNLO
• Resummation and Matching of $b$-quark Mass Effects in $b\bar{b}H$ Production
• The asymptotic behaviour of parton distributions at small and large $x$
• Can New Physics hide inside the proton?
• General-mass treatment for deep inelastic scattering at two-loop accuracy
• Pinning down the large-x gluon with NNLO top-quark pair differential distributions
• Higgs production in bottom-quark fusion: matching beyond leading order
• nNNPDF2.0: Quark Flavor Separation in Nuclei from LHC Data
• Parton momentum and helicity distributions in the nucleon
• On the next-to-next-to-leading order QCD corrections to heavy-quark production in deep-inelastic scattering
• Improved cross-section predictions for heavy charged Higgs boson production at the LHC
• Intrinsic charm in a matched general-mass scheme
• Measurement of the inclusive jet cross-section in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}=7$ TeV using 4.5 fb${}^{-1}$ of data with the ATLAS detector
• Parton distributions with threshold resummation
• The $O({\alpha }_s^3{n}_f{T}_F^2{C}_{A,F})$} Contributions to the Gluonic Massive Operator Matrix Elements
• Open-source QCD analysis of nuclear parton distribution functions at NLO and NNLO
• Matched predictions for the $b\bar{b}H$ cross section at the 13 TeV LHC
• Complete predictions for high-energy neutrino propagation in matter
• QCD effects in mono-jet searches for dark matter
• Parton distributions in the SMEFT from high-energy Drell-Yan tails
• Higgs production in bottom quark fusion: Matching the 4- and 5-flavour schemes to third order in the strong coupling
• The Strangest Proton?
• Structure Functions
• Inclusive production of a heavy-light dijet system in hybrid high-energy and collinear factorization
• Deep inelastic cross-section measurements at large y with the ZEUS detector at HERA
• Nuclear PDFs After the First Decade of LHC Data
• Neutrino Structure Functions from GeV to EeV Energies
• The impact of the LHC Z-boson transverse momentum data on PDF determinations
• Constraints on charm-anticharm asymmetry in the nucleon from lattice QCD
• The impact of PDF uncertainties on the measurement of the W boson mass at the Tevatron and the LHC
• A new simple PDF parametrization: improved description of the HERA data
• Charm in Deep-Inelastic Scattering
• Factorization and Resummation for Massive Quark Effects in Exclusive Drell-Yan
• Top-Quark Initiated Processes at High-Energy Hadron Colliders
• The impact of the final HERA combined data on PDFs obtained from a global fit
• Charm and beauty quark masses in the MMHT2014 global PDF analysis
• NNLO nuclear parton distribution functions with electroweak-boson production data from the LHC
• HERA data and DGLAP evolution: theory and phenomenology
• A QCD analysis of LHCb D-meson data in p+Pb collisions
• Charm quark mass dependence in a global QCD analysis
• On the Impact of Lepton PDFs
• The Quark and Gluon Structure of the Proton
• Bottom-flavored inclusive emissions in the variable-flavor number scheme: A high-energy analysis
• Nuclear parton distribution functions with uncertainties in a general mass variable flavor number scheme
• Simulating $b$-associated production of $Z$ and Higgs bosons with SHERPA
• Towards a fully massive five-flavour scheme
• Large-P_T inclusive photoproduction of J/psi in electron-proton collisions at HERA and the EIC
• Towards all-order factorization of QED amplitudes at next-to-leading power
• Predictions for $\mathrm{Z}$-boson production in association with a $\mathrm{b}$-jet at $\mathcal{O}({\alpha }_s^3)$
• Can $\overline{\mathrm{MS}}$ parton distributions be negative?
• Towards parton distribution functions with small-$x$ resummation: HELL 2.0
• The effect on PDFs and ${\alpha }_S(M_Z^2)$ due to changes in flavour scheme and higher twist contributions
• Improved constraints on parton distributions using LHCb, ALICE and HERA heavy-flavour measurements and implications for the predictions for prompt atmospheric-neutrino fluxes
• Massive charged-current coefficient functions in deep-inelastic scattering at NNLO and impact on strange-quark distributions
• Precise predictions for multi-$\mathrm{TeV}$ and $\mathrm{PeV}$ energy neutrino scattering rates
• Study of HERA ep Data at Low Q^2 and Low x_Bj and the Need for Higher-Twist Corrections to Standard pQCD Fits
• Self-consistent determination of proton and nuclear PDFs at the Electron Ion Collider
• The photon PDF determination within the xFitter framework
• The photon PDF from high-mass Drell Yan data at the LHC
• The photon PDF from high-mass Drell Yan data at the LHC using xFitter
• Precision determination of alpha_s using an unbiased global NLO parton set
• Multi-jet merging in a variable flavor number scheme
• Next-to-Leading Order QCD Corrections to Inclusive Heavy-Flavor Production in Polarized Deep-Inelastic Scattering
• Transition between soft physics at LHC and low-x physics at HERA
• Nuclear Uncertainties in the Determination of Proton PDFs
• A consistent resummation of mass and soft logarithms in processes with heavy flavours
• Quark mass effects in high energy neutrino nucleon scattering
• Soft logarithms in processes with heavy quarks
• Heavy-flavor parton distributions without heavy-flavor matching prescriptions
• Peculiar features of the relations between pole and running heavy quark masses and estimates of the O(α_s^4) contributions
• Linear vs non-linear QCD evolution: from HERA data to LHC phenomenology
• Dipole model analysis of highest precision HERA data, including very low $Q^2$'s
• Determination of the charm-quark mass in the MS-bar scheme using charm production data from deep inelastic scattering at HERA
• General heavy-flavor mass scheme for charged-current DIS at NNLO and beyond
• Phenomenology of diffractive DIS in the framework of fracture functions and determination of diffractive parton distribution functions
• Impact of the heavy quark matching scales in PDF fits
• Fitting the b-quark PDF as a massive-b scheme: Higgs production in bottom fusion
• High-energy QCD dynamics from bottom flavor fragmentation at the Hi-Lumi LHC
• Heavy Quark Production in the ACOT Scheme at NNLO and N3LO
• Parton distributions at the dawn of the LHC
• Charm Production and QCD Analysis at HERA and LHC
• Probing Proton Structure at the Large Hadron electron Collider
• A Hybrid Scheme for Heavy Flavors: Merging the FFNS and VFNS
• On the non-cancellation of infrared singularities in collisions of massive quarks
• A fragmentation-based study of heavy quark production
• Single Top Production in PDF fits
• Future tests of parton distributions
• Heavy-flavor PDF evolution and variable-flavor number scheme uncertainties in deep-inelastic scattering
• High-energy neutrino deep inelastic scattering cross sections
• Yadism: Yet Another Deep-Inelastic Scattering Module
• $J/\psi$ meson production in association with an open charm hadron at the LHC: A reappraisal
• The Role of Different Schemes in the QCD Analysis and Determination of the Strong Coupling
• An FONLL prescription with coexisting flavor number PDFs
• Vector Bosons and Jets in Proton Collisions
• Progress in the NNPDF global analysis and the impact of the legacy HERA combination
• Quantitative Study of Geometrical Scaling in Charm Production at HERA
• Role of higher twist effects in diffractive DIS and determination of diffractive parton distribution functions
• The role of heavy quarks in light hadron fragmentation
• Heavy quark mass effects in parton-to-kaon hadronization probabilities
• Can we fit our nuclear PDFs with the high-$x$ CLAS data?
• Determination of diffractive PDFs from global QCD analysis of inclusive diffractive DIS and dijet cross-section measurements at HERA
• Treatment of heavy quarks in QCD
• On the intrinsic bottom content of the nucleon and its impact on heavy new physics at the LHC
• Progress in the NNPDF global analysis
• Charm, Beauty and Top at HERA
• Decoupling the NLO coupled QED $\otimes$ QCD, DGLAP evolution equations,Using Laplace Transform Method
• Higgs boson rapidity distribution in bottom annihilation at NNLL and beyond
• General Mass Scheme for Jet Production in DIS
• Open charm production and low x gluons
• Importance of the heavy-quarks longitudinal structure function measurements at future circular collider energies
• Charm Production: Pole Mass or Running Mass?
• PDF fit in the fixed-flavor-number scheme
• Impact of Beauty and Charm H1-ZEUS Combined Measurements on PDFs and Determination of the Strong Coupling
• Influence of gluon behavior on heavy-quark pair production
• Implementation of target mass corrections and higher-twist effects in the xFitter framework
• The Effect of Variable Flavour Number Scheme Variations on PDFs and Cross Sections
• Heavy quark structure functions from unifying the color dipole picture and double asymptotic scaling approaches
• General mass variable flavor number scheme for $Z$ boson production in association with a heavy quark at hadron colliders
• Analysis of HERA data with a PDF parametrization inspired by quantum statistical mechanics
• A determination of mc(mc) from HERA data using a matched heavy-flavor scheme
• Parton Distributions in the Higgs Boson Era
• Towards small-$x$ resummed parton distribution functions
• Proton structure at the LHC
• Differential Heavy Quark Distributions and Correlations in Longitudinally Polarized Deep-Inelastic Scattering
• Towards the NNPDF3.0 parton set for the second LHC run
• Heavy-flavor impact on CTEQ-TEA global QCD analyses
• Impact of Charm H1-ZEUS Combined data and Determination of the Strong Coupling in Two Different Schemes
• The Forward Physics Facility at the High-Luminosity LHC
• Charged lepton flavor violation associated with heavy quark production in deep inelastic lepton-nucleon scattering via scalar exchange
• Fully massive Scheme for Jet Production in DIS
• Mass corrections to the DGLAP equations
• Signatures of gluon saturation from structure-function measurements
• NNLO compatibility between pQCD theory and phenomenology in determination of the $b$-quark pole and \MSbar running masses
• The NNPDF2.2 Parton Set
• Exploring the substructure of nucleons and nuclei with machine learning
• Measurements of inclusive jet and dijet cross sections at the Large Hadron Collider
• Towards parton distributions with fitted charm