Method for reliable realization of a varphi Josephson junction

Abstract

We propose a method to realize a $\varphi$ Josephson junction by combining alternating 0 and $\pi$ parts (sub junctions) with an intrinsically non-sinusoidal current-phase relation (CPR). Conditions for the realization of the $\varphi$ ground state are analyzed. It is shown that taking into account the non-sinusoidal CPR for a "clean junction with a ferromagnetic (F) barrier, one can significantly enlarge the domain (regime of suitable F-layer thicknesses) of the $\varphi$ ground state and make the practical realization of $\varphi$ Josephson junctions feasible. Such junctions may also have two different stable solutions, such as 0 and $\pi$, 0 and $\varphi$, or $\varphi$ and $\pi$.

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• The physics of superconductor-ferromagnet hybrid structures