New Charmonium States in QCD Sum Rules: a Concise Review

Abstract

In the past years there has been a revival of hadron spectroscopy. Many interesting new hadron states were discovered experimentally, some of which do not fit easily into the quark model. This situation motivated a vigorous theoretical activity. This is a rapidly evolving field with enormous amount of new experimental information. In the present report we include and discuss data which were released very recently. The present review is the first one written from the perspective of QCD sum rules (QCDSR), where we present the main steps of concrete calculations and compare the results with other approaches and with experimental data.

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• $X(3872)\to J/\psi {\pi }^{+}{\pi }^{-}$ and $X(3872)\to J/\psi {\pi }^{+}{\pi }^{-}{\pi }^0$ decay widths from QCD sum rules
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• A Uniform Description of the States Recently Observed at B-factories
• Charmed Exotics in Heavy Ion Collisions
• Exotic Tetraquark ud bar[s] bar[s] of J^P=0^+ in the QCD Sum Rule
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• Isospin properties of the X state near the D {\bar D}^{*} threshold
• Partners of Z(4430) and Productions in B Decays
• Mixings of 4-quark components in light non-singlet scalar mesons in QCD sum rules
• Width of exotics from QCD sum rules : tetraquarks or molecules?
• Radiative decay of the X(3872) as a mixed molecule-charmonium state in QCD Sum Rules
• ${\mathrm{Z}}^{+}(4430)$ and Analogous Heavy Flavor States
• The line shape of the radiative open-charm decay of Y(4140) and Y(3930)
• Line Shapes of the Z(4430)
• Bottomed Analog of Z+(4433)
• The Charged Z(4433): Towards a New Spectroscopy
• Analysis of the X(4350) as a scalar $\bar{c}c$ and $D_s^{\ast }{\bar{D}}_s^{\ast }$ mixing state with QCD sum rules
• Stability of the pentaquark in a naive string model
• Understanding the newly observed Y(4008) by Belle
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• Is the Z^+(4430) a radially excited state of D_s?
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• Microscopic calculation of the decay of Jaffe-Wilczek tetraquarks, and the Z(4433)
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• Hadron Spectroscopy Results from Belle
• The spectrum of charmonium in the Resonance-Spectrum Expansion
• Radially Excited States of 1P Charmonia and X(3872)
• Possible nature of $Z^{+}(4430)$
• Exotic c c-bar Mesons
• Steiner-tree confinement and tetraquarks
• The double life of the X meson
• Challenges in Hadron Physics
• Properties of Exotic Charmonium-like States at CDF

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• Four-Quark Hadrons: an Updated Review
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• Exotic hadrons: review and perspectives
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• A non-relativistic model for the $[cc][\bar{c}\bar{c}]$ tetraquark
• The Vector and Axial-Vector Charmonium-like States
• Weak decays of heavy hadrons into dynamically generated resonances
• Studying Exotic Hadrons in Heavy Ion Collisions
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• Gluon Condensates and m_b(m_b) from QCD-Exponential Moments at Higher Orders
• $Z_c^{+}(3900)$ decay width in QCD sum rules
• Recent Progress in QCD Condensate Evaluations and Sum Rules
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• Could $Z_b(10610)$ be a $B^{\ast }\bar{B}$ molecular state?
• Heavy-light diquark masses from QCD sum rules and constituent diquark models of tetraquarks
• Charm couplings and form factors in QCD sum rules
• Improved QCD sum rule study of $Z_c(3900)$ as a $\bar{D}{D}^{\ast }$ molecular state
• Charged Exotic Charmonium States
• Baryon states with open beauty in the extended local hidden gauge approach
• Strong $Z_c^{+}(3900)\to J/\psi {\pi }^{+};{\eta }_c{\rho }^{+}$ decays in QCD
• Predicted charged charmonium-like structures in the hidden-charm dipion decay of higher charmonia
• Interpreting $Z_c(3900)$ and $Z_c(4025)/Z_c(4020)$ as charged tetraquark states
• Exotic mesons with hidden bottom near thresholds
• Mass and decay constant of the newly observed exotic $X(5568)$ state
• A fresh look into m_{c,b} and precise f_{D_(s),B_(s)} from heavy-light QCD spectral sum rules
• Three Lectures on Hadron Physics
• QCD sum rule study of hidden-charm pentaquarks
• $0^{+}$ fully-charmed tetraquark states
• Study of $B{\bar{B}}^{\ast }$ and $B^{\ast }{\bar{B}}^{\ast }$ interactions in $I=1$ and relationship to the $Z_b(10610)$, $Z_b(10650)$ states
• Heavy quark dynamics for charm and bottom flavor on Fermi surface at zero temperature
• On $X(3872)$ production in high energy heavy ion collisions
• Modification of the B Meson Mass in a Magnetic Field from QCD Sum Rules
• Hadronic effects on the X(3872) meson abundance in heavy ion collisions
• Decoding the $X(5568)$ as a fully open-flavor $su\bar{b}\bar{d}$ tetraquark state
• Understanding the internal structures of the $X(4140)$, $X(4274)$, $X(4500)$ and $X(4700)$
• Production of doubly charmed tetraquarks with exotic color configurations in electron-positron collisions
• Magnetic dipole moments of the hidden-charm pentaquark states: $P_c(4440)$, $P_c(4457)$ and $P_{cs}(4459)$
• Magnetic dipole moments of the $T_{cc}^{+}$ and $Z_V^{++}$ tetraquark states
• XYZ-like Spectra from Laplace Sum Rule at N2LO in the Chiral Limit
• $\bar{\mathrm{D}}$ and $\mathrm{B}$ mesons in nuclear medium
• Zc(4200)+ decay width as a charmonium-like tetraquark state
• $X(3872)$ production and absorption in a hot hadron gas
• Relation between $T_{cc,bb}$ and $X_{c,b}$ from QCD
• Establishing low-lying doubly charmed baryons
• Four-quark structure of Zc(3900), Z(4430) and Xb(5568) states
• The Doubly-heavy Tetraquarks ($q{q}^{\prime }\bar{Q}\overline{Q^{\prime }}$) in a Constituent Quark Model with a Complete Set of Harmonic Oscillator Bases
• $S$-wave $D^{(\ast )}N$ molecular states: ${\Sigma }_c(2800)$ and ${\Lambda }_c(2940{)}^{+}$?
• Heavy-Light Mesons on the Light Front
• Width of the exotic $X_b(5568)$ state through its strong decay to $B_s^0{\pi }^{+}$
• Investigating different structures of the Z_{b}(10610) and Z_{b}(10650)
• Could $Z_c(3900)$ be a $I^G{J}^P=1^{+}{1}^{+}$ $D^{\ast }\bar{D}$ molecular state?
• Investigation of magnetic moment of $P_{cs}(4338)$ and $P_{cs}(4459)$ pentaquark states
• An open charm tetraquark candidate: note on $X_0(2900)$
• Testing the molecular nature of ${\mathbf{D}}_{\mathbf{s}0}^{\ast }(2317)$ and ${\mathbf{D}}_0^{\ast }(2400)$ in semileptonic ${\mathbf{B}}_{\mathbf{s}}$ and $\mathbf{B}$ decays
• On the nature of the X(3872) from QCD
• Heavy quark symmetry and weak decays of the $b$-baryons in pentaquarks with a $c\bar{c}$ component
• Exploring a ${\Sigma }_c\bar{D}$ state: with focus on $P_c(4312{)}^{+}$
• Hadronic molecules with both open charm and bottom
• Tetraquark Production in Double Parton Scattering
• $D^{\ast }D\rho$ vertex from QCD sum rules
• QCD sum rule calculation for the charmonium-like structures in the J/psi phi and J/psi omega invariant mass spectra
• A QCD sum rule calculation of the $X^{\pm }(5568)\to B_s^0{\pi }^{\pm }$ decay width
• Charmed partner of the exotic $X(5568)$ state and its properties
• A QCD sum rule study for a charged bottom-strange scalar meson
• Mass Spectrum of Heavy Quarkonium Hybrids
• Predicition for the decay width of a charged state near the $D_s{\bar{D}}^{\ast }/D_s^{\ast }\bar{D}$ threshold
• Color spin wave functions of heavy tetraquark states
• Exotic ${\bar{D}}_s^{(\ast )}{D}^{(\ast )}$ molecular states and $sc\bar{q}\bar{c}$ tetraquark states with $J^P=0^{+},1^{+},2^{+}$
• The $P$-wave $[cs][\bar{c}\bar{s}]$ tetraquark state: Y(4260) or Y(4660)?
• Heavy Baryons and their Exotics from Instantons in Holographic QCD
• Theoretical description of the decays ${\Lambda }_b\to {\Lambda }^{(\ast )}({\frac{1}{2}}^{\pm },{\frac{3}{2}}^{\pm })+J/\psi$
• Exotic $1^{--}$ States in QCD Sum Rules
• Magnetic and quadrupole moments of the $Z_c(3900)$
• Gluon condensates in a cold quark gluon plasma
• Electromagnetic multipole moments of the $P_c^{+}(4380)$ pentaquark in light-cone QCD
• Tetraquark-adequate formulation of QCD sum rules
• Aspects of open-flavour mesons in a comprehensive DSBSE study
• Magnetic dipole moment of the $Z_{cs}(3985)$ state: diquark-antidiquark and molecular pictures
• Bottomonium states in hot asymmetric strange hadronic matter
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• Relating $D^{\ast }{\bar{D}}^{\ast }$ currents with $J^{\pi }=0^{+},1^{+}$ and $2^{+}$ to $Z_c$ states
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• Exotic B_c-like molecules in QCD Sum Rules
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• XYZ-SU3 Breakings from Laplace Sum Rules at Higher Orders
• Heavy Exotic Molecules with Charm and Bottom
• Meson production in two-photon interactions at energies available at CERN Large Hadron Collider
• Production of exotic charmonium in $\gamma \gamma$ interactions at hadronic colliders
• Y(4260) as a mixed charmonium-tetraquark state
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• X(3872): propagating in a dense medium
• 1-- and 0++ heavy four-quark and molecule states in QCD
• Magnetic moments of the doubly charged axial-vector $T_{cc}^{++}$ states
• Heavy Holographic Exotics: Tetraquarks as Efimov States
• Heavy and Strange Holographic Baryons
• Investigation of the stability for fully-heavy $bc\bar{b}\bar{c}$ tetraquark states
• Test of the multiquark structure of $a_1(1420)$ in strong two-body decays
• Magnetic dipole moment of $Z_b(10610)$ in light-cone QCD
• Tetraquarks in holographic QCD
• Electromagnetic form factors of the $B_c$-like tetraquarks: molecular and diquark-antidiquark pictures
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• Exploring the magnetic dipole moments of $T_{QQ\bar{q}\bar{s}}$ and $T_{QQ\bar{s}\bar{s}}$ states in the framework of QCD light-cone sum rules
• Pair structure of heavy tetraquark systems
• $X(3872)$ as virtual companion pole of the charm-anticharm state ${\chi }_{c1}(2P)$
• Vacuum polarization corrections to low energy quark effective couplings
• Fully open-flavor tetraquark states $bc\bar{q}\bar{s}$ and $sc\bar{q}\bar{b}$ with $J^P=0^{+},1^{+}$
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• Study of $X_c(3250)$ as a $D_0^{\ast }(2400)N$ molecular state
• Meson-Hybrid Mixing in $J^{PC}=1^{++}$ Heavy Quarkonium from QCD Sum-Rules
• Three-body model for $K(1460)$ resonance
• Exotic Charmonium and Bottomonium-like Resonances
• X(3872) and Its Heavy Quark Spin Symmetry Partners in QCD Sum Rules
• Probing the $X(4350)$ in $\gamma \gamma$ interactions at the LHC
• Searching for hidden-charm baryonium signals in QCD sum rules
• The electromagnetic multipole moments of the charged open-flavor $Z_{\bar{c}q}$ states
• Predicting the existence of a 2.9 GeV $D{f}_0(980)$ molecular state
• Charmonium production in ultra-peripheral heavy ion collisions with two-photon processes
• Doubly-Charged $T_{cc}^{++}$ States in the Dynamical Diquark Model
• New molecular candidates: X(1910), X(2200), and X(2350)
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• SU(2) higher-order effective quark interactions from polarization
• Mass spectra for the $cc\bar{b}\bar{b}$/$bb\bar{c}\bar{c}$ tetraquark states
• Molecular states with hidden charm and strange in QCD Sum Rules
• Resonance $X(5568)$ as an exotic axial-vector state
• Exploring the $D^{\ast }\rho$ system within QCD sum rules
• Analysis of the hidden-charm-hidden-strange tetraquark mass spectrum via the QCD sum rules
• Magnetic moments of the vector hidden-charmed tetraquark states
• Highly excited and exotic fully-strange tetraquark states
• Masses of doubly heavy tetraquarks $QQ\bar{n}\bar{q}$ with $J^P=1^{+}$
• Heavy vector and axial-vector $D$ mesons in hot magnetized asymmetric nuclear matter
• Understanding close-lying exotic charmonia states within QCD sum rules
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• Strong decay constants of heavy tensor mesons in light cone QCD sum rules
• QCD Sum Rule Study for a Possible Charmed Pentaquark Θc(3250)
• Search for $Z_{s1}^{+}$ and $Z_{s2}^{+}$ strangeonium-like structures
• Can the $\psi (4040)$ explain the peak associated with $Y(4008)$?
• Production and absorption of exotic bottomonium-like states in high energy heavy ion collisions
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• Magnetic moment of the ${\Xi }_b(6227)$ as a molecular pentaquark state
• Photoproduction of $a_2(1320)$ in a Regge model
• The discrete contribution to ${\psi }^{\prime }\to J/\psi +\gamma \gamma$
• Fully-strange tetraquark states with the exotic quantum numbers $J^{PC}=0^{+-}$ and $2^{+-}$
• Magnetic moment of $X_Q$ state with $J^{PC}=1^{+\pm }$ in light cone QCD sum rules
• Searching for fully-heavy tetraquark states in QCD moment sum rules
• Factorization breaking of four-quark condensates in the Nambu Jona Lasinio model
• Predictions of the hybrid mesons with exotic quantum numbers $J^{PC}=2^{+-}$
• The electromagnetic multipole moments of the possible charm-strange pentaquarks in light-cone QCD
• Magnetic and quadrupole moments of the $Z_c(4020{)}^{+}$, $Z_c(4050{)}^{+}$, and $Z_c(4600{)}^{+}$ states in the diquark-antidiquark picture
• Heavy Exotic Molecules
• Why X(3915) is so narrow as a ${\chi }_{c0}(2P)$ state
• Exploratory study of X(4140) in QCD sum rules
• Masses of tetraquark states in the hidden charm sector above $D-D^{\ast }$ threshold
• Vertices of the heavy spin-3/2 sextet baryons with light vector mesons in QCD
• Analytic structure of ${\varphi }^4$ theory using light-by-light sum rules
• QCD sum rules study of X(4350)
• Radiative decays of the p-wave charmed heavy baryons
• $Y(4626)$ as a $P$-wave $[cs][\bar{c}\bar{s}]$ tetraquark state
• An introduction to the quark model
• Mass Spectrum of Exotic X(5568) State via Artificial Neural Network
• Analytic calculation of doubly heavy hadron spectral density in coordinate space
• No Radial Excitations in Low Energy QCD. I. Diquarks and Classification of Mesons
• Dynamical picture for the exotic XYZ states
• Radiative decays of the heavy tensor mesons in light cone QCD sum rules
• Current Topics in Heavy Quarkonium Physics
• 1-- and 0++ Four-Quarks and Molecules from QCD Spectral Sum Rules
• Nonlocal gluon condensates in QCD sum rules
• Revisiting light-flavor diquarks in the inverse matrix method of QCD sum rules
• Reanalysis of lattice QCD spectra leading to the $D_{s0}^{\ast }(2317)$ and $D_{s1}^{\ast }(2460)$
• Mixing of X and Y states from QCD Sum Rules analysis
• Possibility of ${\Sigma }_c(2800)$ and ${\Lambda }_c(2940{)}^{+}$ as $S$-wave $D^{(\ast )}N$ molecular states
• Searching for a hidden charm $h_1$ state in the $X(4660)\to \eta h_1$ and $X(4660)\to \eta D^{\ast }{\bar{D}}^{\ast }$ decays
• $Z_c(3900)$ as a Four-Quark State
• Double-gluon charmonium hybrid states with various (exotic) quantum numbers
• Electromagnetic properties of the $D{\bar{D}}^{\ast }K$ molecular hexaquark state
• Decay widthes of ${}^3{P}_J$ charmonium to $DD,D{D}^{\ast },D^{\ast }{D}^{\ast }$ and corresponding mass shifts of ${}^3{P}_J$ charmonium
• Unraveling $K(1690)$ as a pseudoscalar $ud\bar{d}\bar{s}$ tetraquark state
• Correction to the energy spectrum of ${}^1{S}_0$ heavy quarkonia due to two-gluon annihilation effect
• Looking for meson molecules in B decays
• Advances in QCD sum rule calculations
• Looking for a vector charmonium-like state $Y$ in $e^{+}{e}^{-}\to \bar{D}{D}_1(2420)+c.c.$
• Study of conventional and non-conventional scalar and vector mesons
• Two-body strong decays of the hidden-charm tetraquark molecular states via the QCD sum rules
• Mass shifts of ${}^3{P}_J$ heavy quarkonia due to the effect of two-gluon annihilation
• Baryons and baryoniums in the perspective of QCD sum rules
• On the description of exotic hadron states within QCD sum rules
• Structural dissection of hadronic molecules: The $D^{(\ast )}{\bar{K}}^{(\ast )}$ family under QCD light-cone sum rules
• Meson scattering and tetraquarks in two-dimensional QCD
• Systematic study of fully heavy-flavored tetraquarks $Q_1{Q}_2{\bar{Q}}_1{\bar{Q}}_2(Q_{1;2}\in \left\{b;c\right\})$: Mass spectra, threshold analysis, and confrontation with LHC data
• Strange pentaquark molecules in QCD sum rules
• On properties of the exotic hadrons from QCD sum rules
• Motivations for AdS/QCD from 10D supergravity solutions
• Exotic charmonium spectroscopy with CMS
• Analytic electromagnetic signatures of compact pentaquark structure: A multi-current QCD light-cone sum rules analysis of the $P_{\psi s}^{\Lambda }$ states
• Charting doubly strange hidden-charm pentaquarks: An electromagnetic mapping of spin-$\frac{1}{2}$ and $\frac{3}{2}$ states
• X, Y and Z States
• The Role of Flavor in Multiquark Spectroscopy