Radial Velocity Offsets Due to Mass Outflows and Extinction in Active Galactic Nuclei

Abstract

We present a study of the radial velocity offsets between narrow emission lines and host galaxy lines (stellar absorption and H I 21-cm emission) in Seyfert galaxies with observed redshifts less than 0.043. We find that 35% of the Seyferts in the sample show [O III] emission lines with blueshifts with respect to their host galaxies exceeding 50 km/s, whereas only 6% show redshifts this large, in qualitative agreement with most previous studies. We also find that a greater percentage of Seyfert 1 galaxies show blueshifts than Seyfert 2 galaxies. Using HST/STIS spatially-resolved spectra of the Seyfert 2 galaxy NGC 1068 and the Seyfert 1 galaxy NGC 4151, we generate geometric models of their narrow-line regions (NLRs) and inner galactic disks, and show how these models can explain the blueshifted [O III] emission lines in collapsed STIS spectra of these two Seyferts. We conclude that the combination of mass outflow of ionized gas in the NLR and extinction by dust in the inner disk (primarily in the form of dust spirals) is primarily responsible for the velocity offsets in Seyfert galaxies. More exotic explanations are not needed. We discuss the implications of this result for the velocity offsets found in higher redshift AGN.

25 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal

References in corpus (8)

• On the nature of Seyfert galaxies with high [OIII]5007 blueshifts
• Kinematics of the Narrow-Line Region in the Seyfert 2 Galaxy NGC 1068: Dynamical Effects of the Radio Jet
• The Host Galaxies of Narrow-Line Seyfert 1s: Nuclear Dust Morphology and Starburst Rings
• Outflows of very ionized gas in the center of Seyfert galaxies: kinematics and physical conditions
• AGN-Starburst connection in NGC7582: Gemini near-infrared spectrograph integral field unit observations
• Dynamics of the Narrow-Line Region in the Seyfert 2 Galaxy NGC 1068
• An Offset Seyfert 2 Nucleus in the Minor Merger System NGC 3341
• OASIS integral-field spectroscopy of the central kpc in 11 Seyfert 2 galaxies

Cited by in corpus (103)

• Kiloparsec-scale outflows are prevalent among luminous AGN: outflows and feedback in the context of the overall AGN population
• Outflows from AGN: Kinematics of the Narrow-Line and Coronal-Line Regions in Seyfert Galaxies
• A Large Systematic Search for Recoiling and Close Supermassive Binary Black Holes
• Feedback in Luminous Obscured Quasars
• Discovery of extreme [OIII]5007A outflows in high-redshift red quasars
• Energetic galaxy-wide outflows in high-redshift ultra-luminous infrared galaxies hosting AGN activity
• The relationship between black hole mass and galaxy properties: Examining the black hole feedback model in IllustrisTNG
• The Prevalence of Gas Outflows in Type 2 AGNs
• Ejective and preventative: the IllustrisTNG black hole feedback and its effects on the thermodynamics of the gas within and around galaxies
• The Sloan Digital Sky Survey Reverberation Mapping Project: Velocity Shifts of Quasar Emission Lines
• Star formation is boosted (and quenched) from the inside out: radial star formation profiles from MaNGA
• The KMOS AGN Survey at High redshift (KASHz): the prevalence and drivers of ionised outflows in the host galaxies of X-ray AGN
• Discovery of Four kpc-Scale Binary AGNs
• Active Galactic Nucleus Pairs from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. I. The Frequency on ~ 5-100 kpc Scales
• The Origin of Double-Peaked Narrow Lines in Active Galactic Nuclei I: Very Large Array Detections of Dual AGNs and AGN Outflows
• Dual Supermassive Black Hole Candidates in the AGN and Galaxy Evolution Survey
• Super-massive binary black holes and emission lines in active galactic nuclei
• Chandra X-ray and Hubble Space Telescope Imaging of Optically Selected kiloparsec-Scale Binary Active Galactic Nuclei I. Nature of the Nuclear Ionizing Sources
• Feeding Versus Feedback in AGNs from Near-Infrared IFU Observations: The Case of Mrk79
• Double-peaked narrow emission-line galaxies from Sloan Digital Sky Survey. I. Sample and basic properties
• The multiphase gas structure and kinematics in the circumnuclear region of NGC 5728
• High-resolution imaging of the molecular outflows in two mergers: IRAS17208-0014 and NGC1614
• Quantifying Feedback from Narrow Line Region Outflows in Nearby Active Galaxies. I. Spatially Resolved Mass Outflow Rates for the Seyfert 2 Galaxy Markarian 573
• AGN-Driven Outflows in Dwarf Galaxies
• The Prevalence of Gas Outflows in Type 2 AGNs. II. 3D Biconical Outflow Models
• Delayed or no feedback? - Gas outflows in Type 2 AGNs. III
• Offset Active Galactic Nuclei as Tracers of Galaxy Mergers and Supermassive Black Hole Growth
• Ionized outflows in SDSS type 2 quasars at z~0.3-0.6
• HST Observations of the Double-Peaked Emission Lines in the Seyfert Galaxy Markarian 78: Mass Outflows from a Single AGN
• The Limited Impact of Outflows: Integral-Field Spectroscopy of 20 Local AGNs
• A Census of Gas Outflows in Type 2 Active Galactic Nuclei
• The Black Hole Mass of NGC 4151. II. Stellar Dynamical Measurement from Near-Infrared Integral Field Spectroscopy
• Feeding and feedback in the active nucleus of Mrk 1157 probed with Gemini Near-Infrared Integral-Field Spectrograph
• Ionized outflows in luminous type 2 AGNs at z<0.6: no evidence for significant impact on the host galaxies
• A census of ionized gas outflows in type 1 AGNs: gas outflows in AGNs. V
• Further Evidence for a Supermassive Black Hole Mass - Pitch Angle Relation
• Quantifying Feedback from Narrow Line Region Outflows in Nearby Active Galaxies. III. Results for the Seyfert 2 Galaxies Markarian 3, Markarian 78, and NGC 1068
• Unravelling the complex structure of AGN-driven outflows III. The outflow size-luminosity relation
• Feedback from Mass Outflows in Nearby Active Galactic Nuclei. II. Outflows in the Narrow-Line Region of NGC 4151
• A sub-kpc-scale binary AGN with double narrow-line regions
• GASP XIX: AGN and their outflows at the center of jellyfish galaxies
• Searching for Dual AGN in Galaxies with Double-Peaked Emission Line Spectra using Radio Observations
• Ionized gas outflows in infrared-bright dust-obscured galaxies selected with WISE and SDSS
• Identification of Outflows and Candidate Dual Active Galactic Nuclei in SDSS Quasars at z=0.8-1.6
• Interacting galaxies in the IllustrisTNG simulations -- III: (the rarity of) quenching in post-merger galaxies
• Broad-line region structure and kinematics in the radio galaxy 3C 120
• Determining Inclinations of Active Galactic Nuclei Via Their Narrow-Line Region Kinematics - II. Correlation With Observed Properties
• A near-infrared study of the multi-phase outflow in the type-2 quasar J1509+0434
• Disk, merger, or outflow ? Molecular gas kinematics in two powerful obscured QSOs at z>3.4
• Swift data hint at a binary Super Massive Black Hole candidate at sub-parsec separation
• Spectral Classification and Ionized Gas Outflows in $z\sim 2$ WISE-Selected Hot Dust-Obscured Galaxies
• The Close AGN Reference Survey (CARS): Locating the [O III] wing component in luminous local Type 1 AGN
• Hubble Space Telescope Wide Field Camera 3 Identifies an $r_p$ = 1 Kpc Dual Active Galactic Nucleus in the Minor Galaxy Merger SDSS J0924+0510 at z = 0.1495
• Defeating stochasticity: coalescence timescales of massive black holes in galaxy mergers
• The Dusty Heart of NGC 4151 Revealed by $\lambda \sim$1-40 $\mu$m Reverberation Mapping and Variability: A Challenge to Current Clumpy Torus Models
• SUPER V. ALMA continuum observations of z~2 AGN and the elusive evidence of outflows influencing star formation
• The MURALES survey. IV. Searching for nuclear outflows in 3C radio galaxies at z < 0.3 with MUSE observations
• Very Long Baseline Array Imaging of Type-2 Seyferts with Double-Peaked Narrow Emission Lines: Searches for Sub-kpc Dual AGNs and Jet-Powered Outflows
• Mass Outflow of the X-ray Emission Line Gas in NGC 4151
• Fueling the central engine of radio galaxies. III. Molecular gas and star formation efficiency of 3C 293
• Evolution of [OIII]5007 emission-line profiles in narrow emission-line galaxies
• The Nature of Active Galactic Nuclei with Velocity Offset Emission Lines
• Physical Conditions in the X-ray Emission-line Gas in NGC 1068
• Multi-wavelength Probes of Obscuration Towards the Narrow Line Region in Seyfert Galaxies
• Four dual AGN candidates observed with the VLBA
• Zooming into local active galactic nuclei: The power of combining SDSS-IV MaNGA with higher resolution integral field unit observations
• Fueling the central engine of radio galaxies. II. The footprints of AGN feedback on the ISM of 3C 236
• Dual AGN candidates with double-peaked [O III] lines matching that of confirmed dual AGNs
• Tracing the outflow kinematics in Type 2 Active Galactic Nuclei
• A disc wind model for blueshifts in quasar broad emission lines
• Chandra X-ray and Hubble Space Telescope Imaging of Optically Selected Kiloparsec-Scale Binary Active Galactic Nuclei II: Host Galaxy Morphology and AGN Activity
• Double-peaked Lines, Dual VLBI Components, and Precessing Jets in J1328+2751
• A possible sub-kiloparsec dual AGN buried behind the galaxy curtain
• Outflow kinematics manifested by the H-alpha line: gas outflows in Type 2 AGNs. IV
• The case for inflow of the broad-line region of active galactic nuclei
• A High Fraction of Double-peaked Narrow Emission Lines in Powerful Active Galactic Nuclei
• A systematic search for hidden type 1 AGNs: gas kinematics and scaling relations
• Photoionisation Modelling of the X-ray Emission Line Regions within the Seyfert 2 AGN NGC 1068
• The complex multi-component outflow of the Seyfert galaxy NGC 7130
• The Broad Wing of [O III] λ5007 Emission Line in Active Galactic Nuclei
• Misclassified type 1 AGNs in the local universe
• Connection Between Mid-Infrared Emission Properties and Narrow Line Region Outflows in Type 1 Active Galactic Nuclei
• The Detectability of Kiloparsec Scale Dual AGNs: The Impact of Galactic Structure and Black Hole Orbital Properties
• Ionized Gas Outflows in Low Excitation Radio Galaxies Are Radiation Driven
• AGN pairs: chance superpositions or black hole binaries?
• Kinematically Identified Recoiling Supermassive Black Hole Candidates in SDSS QSOs with z $<$ 0.25
• Ultraviolet and Optical Emission-line Outflows in the Heavily Obscured Quasar SDSS J000610.67+121501.2: At the Scale of the Dusty Torus and Beyond
• Characterisation of a candidate dual AGN
• The first look at Narrow-Line Seyfert 1 Galaxies with eROSITA
• Ionized Gas Kinematics along the Large-Scale Radio Jets in Type 2 AGNs
• Numerical Study on Outflows in Seyfert Galaxies I: Narrow Line Region Outflows in NGC 4151
• A New Orientation Indicator for Radio-Quiet Quasars
• Discovery of a Low-Redshift Hot Dust-Obscured Galaxy
• Spatially Extended [P II]1.188um and [Fe II]1.257um Emission Lines in a Nearby Seyfert Galaxy NGC 1068 Observed with OAO/ISLE
• Searching for a pair of accreting supermassive black holes in J1425+3231
• QSO2 outflow characterization using data obtained with OSIRIS at the Gran Telescopio Canarias
• The extended narrow-line region of two type-I quasi-stellar objects
• Investigation of Stellar Kinematics and Ionized gas Outflows in Local (U)LIRGs
• A Keck/LRIS Spatially-Resolved Spectroscopic Study of a LINER Galaxy SDSS J091628.05+420818.7
• A Broad Absorption Line Outflow Associated with the Broad Emission Line Region in the Quasar SDSS J075133.35+134548.3
• A simple non-parametric method for resolving merged doublet lines: Insights into complex kinematics and outflows
• SDSS J153231.80+420342.7: a triple black hole candidate with a close binary black hole
• On the quenching of star formation in observed and simulated central galaxies: Evidence for the role of integrated AGN feedback