Orbital Evolution of a Particle Interacting with a Single Planet in a Protoplanetary Disk

Abstract

We investigate the motion of a particle around a low mass planet embedded in a non-turbulent gaseous disk. We take into account the effect of the gas structure that is modified by the gravitational interaction between the planet. We derive an analytic formula that describes the change of the semi-major axis of the particle due to the encounter with the planet using local approximation in distant encounter regime. Our final formula includes the effects of steady, axisymmetric radial gas flow, the global gas pressure gradient in the disk, planet gravity, and the structure of the gas flow modified by the planet's gravity. We compare the analytic results with numerical calculations, and indicate that our formula well describes the secular evolution of the dust particles' semi-major axes well, especially for small particles with large drag coefficient. We discuss the conditions for dust gap opening around a low mass planet and radial distribution of dust particles. Our formula may provide a useful tool for calculating radial distribution of particles in a disk around the planet.

54 pages, 17 figures, sections of numerical calulation extended and figures added, Accepted for Publication in ApJ

References in corpus (8)

• Disk Frequencies and Lifetimes in Young Clusters
• Planetary Torques as the Viscosity of Protoplanetary Disks
• Grain Retention and Formation of Planetesimals near the Snow Line in MRI-driven Turbulent Protoplanetary Disks
• Planets opening dust gaps in gas disks
• Dust flow in gas disks in the presence of embedded planets
• Standing on the shoulders of giants: Trojan Earths and vortex trapping in low mass self-gravitating protoplanetary disks of gas and solids
• Dust accretion onto high-mass planets
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