Estimating the final spin of a binary black hole coalescence

Abstract

We present a straightforward approach for estimating the final black hole spin of a binary black hole coalescence with arbitrary initial masses and spins. Making some simple assumptions, we estimate the final angular momentum to be the sum of the individual spins plus the orbital angular momentum of a test particle orbiting at the last stable orbit around a Kerr black hole with a spin parameter of the final black hole. The formula we obtain is able to reproduce with reasonable accuracy the results from available numerical simulations, but, more importantly, it can be used to investigate what configurations might give rise to interesting dynamics. In particular, we discuss scenarios which might give rise to a ``flip'' in the direction of the total angular momentum of the system. By studying the dependence of the final spin upon the mass ratio and initial spins we find that our simple approach suggests that it is not possible to spin-up a black hole to extremal values through merger scenarios irrespective of the mass ratio of the objects involved.

9 pages, 8 figures

References in corpus (26)

• Evolution of Binary Black Hole Spacetimes
• Accurate Evolutions of Orbiting Black-Hole Binaries Without Excision
• Effective one-body approach to general relativistic two-body dynamics
• Gravitational wave extraction from an inspiraling configuration of merging black holes
• Transition from inspiral to plunge in binary black hole coalescences
• Coalescing binary systems of compact objects to (post)$^{5/2}-Newtonian order. V. Spin Effects
• Coalescence of Two Spinning Black Holes: An Effective One-Body Approach
• Large Merger Recoils and Spin Flips From Generic Black-Hole Binaries
• Inspiral, merger and ring-down of equal-mass black-hole binaries
• On the determination of the last stable orbit for circular general relativistic binaries at the third post-Newtonian approximation
• Inspiral, merger and ringdown of unequal mass black hole binaries: a multipolar analysis
• Supermassive recoil velocities for binary black-hole mergers with antialigned spins
• Tracing Black Hole Mergers Through Radio Lobe Morphology
• Toward faithful templates for non-spinning binary black holes using the effective-one-body approach
• Transition from inspiral to plunge in precessing binaries of spinning black holes
• Colliding Black Holes: The Close Limit
• Spin Flips and Precession in Black-Hole-Binary Mergers
• Black hole mass and spin coevolution by mergers
• Black Hole Mergers and Unstable Circular Orbits
• Modeling kicks from the merger of non-precessing black-hole binaries
• Binary black hole mergers: large kicks for generic spin orientations
• Binary Black Holes: Spin Dynamics and Gravitational Recoil
• Plunge waveforms from inspiralling binary black holes
• The collision of boosted black holes
• Accurate Evolution of Orbiting Binary Black Holes
• Final spin of a coalescing black-hole binary: an Effective-One-Body approach

Cited by in corpus (154)

• GWTC-1: A Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalog of Compact Binary Mergers Observed by LIGO and Virgo during the First and Second Observing Runs
• Quasinormal modes of black holes and black branes
• GWTC-3: Compact Binary Coalescences Observed by LIGO and Virgo During the Second Part of the Third Observing Run
• Physics, Astrophysics and Cosmology with Gravitational Waves
• Black holes, gravitational waves and fundamental physics: a roadmap
• Theoretical Physics Implications of the Binary Black-Hole Mergers GW150914 and GW151226
• Properties and astrophysical implications of the 150 Msun binary black hole merger GW190521
• Inspiral-merger-ringdown waveforms for black-hole binaries with non-precessing spins
• Cosmological black hole spin evolution by mergers and accretion
• Black Holes: The Next Generation -- Repeated Mergers in Dense Star Clusters and their Gravitational-Wave Properties
• One Channel to Rule Them All? Constraining the Origins of Binary Black Holes using Multiple Formation Pathways
• Black Hole Superradiance Signatures of Ultralight Vectors
• The evolution of massive black holes and their spins in their galactic hosts
• Are LIGO's Black Holes Made From Smaller Black Holes?
• Black Hole Mergers and the QCD Axion at Advanced LIGO
• The innermost stable circular orbit and shadow in the novel $4D$ Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravity
• Extreme Gravity Tests with Gravitational Waves from Compact Binary Coalescences: (I) Inspiral-Merger
• Black-hole binaries, gravitational waves, and numerical relativity
• The final spin from binary black holes in quasi-circular orbits
• Towards models of gravitational waveforms from generic binaries: A simple approximate mapping between precessing and non-precessing inspiral signals
• On the final spin from the coalescence of two black holes
• An improved effective-one-body Hamiltonian for spinning black-hole binaries
• Effects of the microphysical Equation of State in the mergers of magnetized Neutron Stars With Neutrino Cooling
• Predicting the direction of the final spin from the coalescence of two black holes
• Effective one body approach to the dynamics of two spinning black holes with next-to-leading order spin-orbit coupling
• Hierarchical data-driven approach to fitting numerical relativity data for nonprecessing binary black holes with an application to final spin and radiated energy
• Observational Black Hole Spectroscopy: A time-domain multimode analysis of GW150914
• Simulations of Binary Black Hole Mergers Using Spectral Methods
• The final mass and spin of black hole mergers
• Remnant Masses, Spins and Recoils from the Merger of Generic Black-Hole Binaries
• Gravitational Wave Signatures of Highly Compact Boson Star Binaries
• Gravitational and electromagnetic outputs from binary neutron star mergers
• Directly comparing GW150914 with numerical solutions of Einstein's equations for binary black hole coalescence
• Evidence for hierarchical black hole mergers in the second LIGO--Virgo gravitational-wave catalog
• Black-hole hair loss: learning about binary progenitors from ringdown signals
• Mass-gap Mergers in Active Galactic Nuclei
• Error-analysis and comparison to analytical models of numerical waveforms produced by the NRAR Collaboration
• The final spin from the coalescence of aligned-spin black-hole binaries
• On the mass radiated by coalescing black-hole binaries
• Magnetospheres of Black Hole Systems in Force-Free Plasma
• Primordial Black Hole Evaporation and Dark Matter Production: I. Solely Hawking radiation
• Numerical Relativity and Astrophysics
• Effective potentials and morphological transitions for binary black-hole spin precession
• Black hole genealogy: Identifying hierarchical mergers with gravitational waves
• Simulations of non-equal mass black hole binaries with spectral methods
• Gravitational Waves and Intermediate-mass Black Hole Retention in Globular Clusters
• Four eccentric mergers increase the evidence that LIGO--Virgo--KAGRA's binary black holes form dynamically
• Eccentric binary black-hole mergers: The transition from inspiral to plunge in general relativity
• Testing the Cosmic Censorship Conjecture with point particles: the effect of radiation reaction and the self-force
• Repeated mergers and ejection of black holes within nuclear star clusters
• On the properties of the massive binary black hole merger GW170729
• Mergers of Magnetized Neutron Stars with Spinning Black Holes: Disruption, Accretion and Fallback
• Accurate gravitational waveforms for binary-black-hole mergers with nearly extremal spins
• PRECESSION: Dynamics of spinning black-hole binaries with python
• Spectroscopy of binary black hole ringdown using overtones and angular modes
• Extra-Large Remnant Recoil Velocities and Spins from Near-Extremal-Bowen-York-Spin Black-Hole Binaries
• The Emergence of Structure in the Binary Black Hole Mass Distribution
• Binary black holes' effects on electromagnetic fields
• Black Hole Dynamics in Einstein-Maxwell-Dilaton Theory
• Understanding possible electromagnetic counterparts to loud gravitational wave events: Binary black hole effects on electromagnetic fields
• Black-hole binary simulations: the mass ratio 10:1
• Gravitational-wave detectability of equal-mass black-hole binaries with aligned spins
• Vacuum Electromagnetic Counterparts of Binary Black-Hole Mergers
• High accuracy simulations of black hole binaries:spins anti-aligned with the orbital angular momentum
• Final spins from the merger of precessing binary black holes
• Post-Kerr black hole spectroscopy
• Black hole merger estimates in Einstein-Maxwell and Einstein-Maxwell-dilaton gravity
• Exploring Features in the Binary Black Hole Population
• The Current Status of Binary Black Hole Simulations in Numerical Relativity
• Perturbed disks get shocked. Binary black hole merger effects on accretion disks
• Modelling the final state from binary black-hole coalescences
• The spin expansion for binary black hole merger: new predictions and future directions
• Decoding mode-mixing in black-hole merger ringdown
• Modeling the remnant mass, spin, and recoil from unequal-mass, precessing black-hole binaries: The Intermediate Mass Ratio Regime
• Constraints on Kerr-Newman black holes from merger-ringdown gravitational-wave observations
• Statistical studies of Spinning Black-Hole Binaries
• Can binary mergers produce maximally spinning black holes?
• Linking electromagnetic and gravitational radiation in coalescing binary neutron stars
• Dark photon superradiance: Electrodynamics and multimessenger signals
• Multipolar analysis of spinning binaries
• Boosting jet power in black hole spacetimes
• Observable signature of merging stellar-mass black holes in active galactic nuclei
• Modeling maximum astrophysical gravitational recoil velocities
• Black-hole remnants from black-hole--neutron-star mergers
• Can stellar-mass black hole growth disrupt disks of active galactic nuclei? The role of mechanical feedback
• Geodesics and periodic orbits in Kehagias-Sfetsos black holes in deformed Hourava-Lifshitz gravity
• Follow-up signals from superradiant instabilities of black hole merger remnants
• Black hole binary remnant mass and spin: A new phenomenological formula
• Testing the validity of the single-spin approximation in inspiral-merger-ringdown waveforms
• Analytical Black-Hole Binary Merger Waveforms
• Systematic bias on the inspiral-merger-ringdown consistency test due to neglect of orbital eccentricity
• Modelling self-consistently beyond General Relativity
• Missing black holes in brightest cluster galaxies as evidence for the occurrence of superkicks in nature
• Collisions of oppositely charged black holes
• What You Don't Know Can Hurt You: Use and Abuse of Astrophysical Models in Gravitational-wave Population Analyses
• Circular Orbits Structure and Thin Accretion Disks around Kerr Black Holes with Scalar Hair
• Limits on hierarchical black hole mergers from the most negative ${\chi }_{\mathrm{eff}}$ systems
• Transition from adiabatic inspiral to plunge into a spinning black hole
• Evidence for the evolution of black hole mass function with redshift
• Merger estimates for rotating Kerr black holes in modified gravity
• Inspiral-merger-ringdown waveforms in Einstein-scalar-Gauss-Bonnet gravity within the effective-one-body formalism
• Numerical simulations of black-hole binaries and gravitational wave emission
• Probing Einstein-dilaton Gauss-Bonnet Gravity with the inspiral and ringdown of gravitational waves
• Probing beyond-Kerr spacetimes with inspiral-ringdown corrections to gravitational waves
• Modelling gravitational waves from precessing black-hole binaries: Progress, challenges and prospects
• GW241011 and GW241110: Exploring Binary Formation and Fundamental Physics with Asymmetric, High-Spin Black Hole Coalescence
• Maximum black-hole spin from quasi-circular binary mergers
• Numerical-relativity simulations of the quasi-circular inspiral and merger of non-spinning, charged black holes: methods and comparison with approximate approaches
• The Black Hole Remnant of Black Hole-Neutron Star Coalescing Binaries
• Modeling Gravitational Recoil Using Numerical Relativity
• Understanding how fast black holes spin by analysing data from the second gravitational-wave catalogue
• Multimessenger signals from black hole-neutron star mergers without significant tidal disruption
• High mass but low spin: an exclusion region to rule out hierarchical black-hole mergers as a mechanism to populate the pair-instability mass gap
• Universal features of gravitational waves emitted by superkick binary black hole systems
• Massive Black Hole Science with eLISA
• The Final Merger of Black-Hole Binaries
• Black hole remnant of black hole-neutron star coalescing binaries with arbitrary black hole spin
• Hybrid method for understanding black-hole mergers: Inspiralling case
• Method to estimate ISCO and ring-down frequencies in binary systems and consequences for gravitational wave data analysis
• Transition from inspiral to plunge into a highly spinning black hole
• Spinning compact binary inspiral: Independent variables and dynamically preserved spin configurations
• Advances in Simulations of Generic Black-Hole Binaries
• Exploring the evolution of gravitational-wave emitters with efficient emulation: Constraining the origins of binary black holes using normalising flows
• Merger estimates for Kerr-Sen black holes
• Spin Doctors: How to diagnose a hierarchical merger origin
• Hybrid black-hole binary initial data
• Physical Implications of the Sub-threshold GRB GBM-190816 and its Associated Sub-threshold Gravitational Wave Event
• Fermi GBM follow-up of LIGO-Virgo binary black hole mergers -- detection prospects
• Estimating gravitational radiation from super-emitting compact binary systems
• Supermassive black hole spin-flip during the inspiral
• Marginally stable circular orbits in stationary axisymmetric spacetimes
• Spinning compact binary inspiral II: Conservative angular dynamics
• Numerical Relativity meets Data Analysis: Spinning Binary Black Hole Case
• Seeking for toroidal event horizons from initially stationary BH configurations
• SCoRe: A New Framework to Study Unmodeled Physics from Gravitational Wave Data
• A Mid-Thirties Crisis: Dissecting the Properties of Gravitational Wave Sources Near the 35 Solar Mass Peak
• Primordial black holes induced stochastic axion-photon oscillations in primordial magnetic field
• Signatures of a subpopulation of hierarchical mergers in the GWTC-4 gravitational-wave dataset
• Black holes in General Relativity and beyond
• Characterizing the effect of eccentricity on the dynamics of binary black hole mergers in numerical relativity
• The importance of precession in modelling the direction of the final spin from a black-hole merger
• Mass Distribution of Binary Black Hole Mergers from Young and Old Dense Star Clusters
• The mass, spin and rotational energy of the remnant black holes from compact binary mergers
• Can quasi-circular mergers of charged black holes produce extremal black holes?
• On computations of angular momentum and its flux in numerical relativity
• Renormalized 2PN spin contributions to the accumulated orbital phase for LISA sources
• Overdamped quasibound states inside a Schwarzschild black hole
• Probing Fundamental Physics with Gravitational Waves
• Estimating the Final Spin of Binary Black Holes Merger in STU Supergravity
• Modeling Relative Peak Times of Gravitational Wave Harmonics
• Signatures of Hierarchical Mergers in Black Hole Spin and Mass distribution
• The Missing Multipole Problem: Investigating biases from model starting frequency in gravitational-wave analyses
• The influence of the mean anomaly on the dynamical quantities of binary black hole mergers in eccentric orbits
• Search for gravitational waves from binary black hole inspiral, merger and ringdown