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Cosmic Rulers: Masers as Tools for Probing Structure in the Galaxy and Beyond, from AU to kpc
Kazi L. J. Rygl, Anna Bartkiewicz, Olga Bayandina +9
Maser emission provides an unique window into astronomical sources across vast spatial scales - from tens to hundreds of astronomical units around protostars and evolved stars up t…
Jets and Outflows in Young Stellar Objects with the SKAO
Giovanni Sabatini, Gemma Busquet, Carlos Carrasco-González +48
Jets and outflows are ubiquitous phenomena associated with the formation of young stellar objects (YSOs). They play a crucial role in removing angular momentum from the accreting s…
Detections of Compact Radio Continuum toward Methanol Maser Rings Using the VLA
Anna Bartkiewicz, Olga Bayandina, Alberto Sanna +5
High-mass protostars are deeply embedded in dust inside their natal cores and are not easily detectable. However, maser emission at centimeter wavelengths, owing to its high bright…
The Expanding 3 kpc Arms Are Neither Expanding nor Spiral Arms but X1 Orbits Driven by the Galactic Bar
Jayender Kumar, Mark J. Reid, T. M. Dame +6
Near the center of our Milky Way is a bar-like structure and the so-called Expanding 3-kpc arms. We currently have limited knowledge of this important region, since we are about 8.…
Physical conditions in the warped accretion disk of a massive star. 349 GHz ALMA observations of G023.0100.41
A. Sanna, A. Giannetti, M. Bonfand +7
Young massive stars warm up the large amount of gas and dust which condenses in their vicinity, exciting a forest of lines from different molecular species. Their line brightness i…
Multi-scale view of star formation in IRAS 21078+5211: From clump fragmentation to disk wind
L. Moscadelli, H. Beuther, A. Ahmadi +23
In the massive star-forming region IRAS 21078+5211, a highly fragmented cluster (0.1~pc in size) of molecular cores is observed, located at the density peak of an elongated (1~pc i…
The SEDIGISM survey: Molecular clouds in the inner Galaxy
A. Duarte-Cabral, D. Colombo, J. S. Urquhart +57
We use the 13CO(2-1) emission from the SEDIGISM high-resolution spectral-line survey of the inner Galaxy, to extract the molecular cloud population with a large dynamic range in sp…
The nature of the methanol maser ring G23.65700.127. II. Expansion of the maser structure
Anna Bartkiewicz, Alberto Sanna, Marian Szymczak +3
Ring-like distributions of the 6.7 GHz methanol maser spots at milliarcsecond scales represent a family of molecular structures of unknown origin associated with high-mass young st…
Trigonometric Parallaxes Of High-Mass Star Forming Regions: Our View Of The Milky Way
M. J. Reid, K. M. Menten, A. Brunthaler +15
We compile and analyze ~200 trigonometric parallaxes and proper motions of molecular masers associated with very young high-mass stars. These measurements strongly suggest that the…
Science with an ngVLA: Understanding Massive Star Formation through Maser Imaging
Todd R. Hunter, Crystal L. Brogan, Anna Bartkiewicz +6
Imaging the bright maser emission produced by several molecular species at centimeter wavelengths is an essential tool for understanding the process of massive star formation becau…
Mapping Spiral Structure on the far side of the Milky Way
Alberto Sanna, Mark J. Reid, Thomas M. Dame +2
Little is known about the portion of the Milky Way lying beyond the Galactic center at distances of more than 9 kilo-parsec from the Sun. These regions are opaque at optical wavele…
Planar infall of CH3OH gas around Cepheus A HW2
A. Sanna, L. Moscadelli, G. Surcis +3
Aims: In order to test the nature of an (accretion) disk in the vicinity of Cepheus A HW2, we measured the three-dimensional velocity field of the CH3OH maser spots, which are proj…
The ATLASGAL survey: The sample of young massive cluster progenitors
T. Csengeri, S. Bontemps, F. Wyrowski +5
The progenitors of high-mass stars and clusters are still challenging to recognise. Only unbiased surveys, sensitive to compact regions of high dust column density, can unambiguous…
Momentum-driven outflow emission from an O-type YSO: Comparing the radio jet with the molecular outflow
A. Sanna, L. Moscadelli, R. Cesaroni +3
Aims: We want to study the physical properties of the ionized jet emission in the vicinity of an O-type young stellar object (YSO), and estimate how efficient is the transfer of en…
Measuring Magnetic Fields from Water Masers in the Synchrotron Protostellar Jet in W3(HO)
C. Goddi, G. Surcis, L. Moscadelli +4
We report full polarimetric VLBA observations of water masers towards the Turner-Welch Object in the W3(OH) high-mass star forming complex. This object drives a synchrotron jet, wh…
Parallaxes of Star Forming Regions in the Outer Spiral Arm of the Milky Way
K. Hachisuka, Y. K. Choi, M. J. Reid +4
We report parallaxes and proper motions of three water maser sources in high-mass star-forming regions in the Outer Spiral Arm of the Milky Way. The observations were conducted wit…
Trigonometric Parallaxes of Star Forming Regions in the Scutum Spiral Arm
M. Sato, Y. W. Wu, K. Immer +6
We report measurements of trigonometric parallaxes for six high-mass star-forming regions in the Scutum spiral arm of the Milky Way as part of the BeSSeL Survey. Combining our meas…
A sub-arcsecond study of the hot molecular core in G023.01-00.41
A. Sanna, R. Cesaroni, L. Moscadelli +5
(Abridged) METHODS: We performed SMA observations at 1.3 mm with both the most extended and compact array configurations, providing sub-arcsecond and high sensitivity maps of vario…
Trigonometric Parallaxes of High Mass Star Forming Regions: the Structure and Kinematics of the Milky Way
M. J. Reid, K. M. Menten, A. Brunthaler +13
Over 100 trigonometric parallaxes and proper motions for masers associated with young, high-mass stars have been measured with the BeSSeL Survey, a VLBA key science project, the EV…
Trigonometric parallaxes to star-forming regions within 4 kpc of the galactic center
A. Sanna, M. J. Reid, K. M. Menten +6
We report four trigonometric parallaxes for high-mass star-forming regions within 4 kpc of the Galactic center. These measurements were made with the VLBA as part of the BeSSeL Sur…
Clustered star formation and outflows in AFGL 2591
A. Sanna, M. J. Reid, C. Carrasco-Gonzàlez +4
We report on a detailed study of the water maser kinematics and radio continuum emission toward the most massive and young object in the star-forming region AFGL 2591. Our analysis…
Parallaxes and proper motions of interstellar masers toward the Cygnus X star-forming complex. I. Membership of the Cygnus X region
K. L. J. Rygl, A. Brunthaler, A. Sanna +6
Whether the Cygnus X complex consists of one physically connected region of star formation or of multiple independent regions projected close together on the sky has been debated f…
Trigonometric Parallaxes of Massive Star-Forming Regions. IX. The Outer Arm in the First Quadrant
A. Sanna, M. J. Reid, T. M. Dame +5
We report a trigonometric parallax measurement with the Very Long Baseline Array for the water maser in the distant high-mass star-forming region G75.30+1.32. This source has a hel…
Infall and outflow within 400 AU from a high-mass protostar. 3-D velocity fields from methanol and water masers in AFLG 5142
C. Goddi, L. Moscadelli, A. Sanna
Observational signatures of infalling envelopes and outflowing material in early stages of protostellar evolution, and at small radii from the protostar, are essential to progress…