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Observational selection effects on radio pulsars are minimal for masses, but significant for orbits and spins
Lisa V. Drummond, Katerina Chatziioannou, Emmanuel Fonseca
The masses of Galactic pulsars in binaries measured through radio timing point to structure in the mass distribution with implications for dense matter and astrophysical formation…
GWTC-5.0: Population Properties of Merging Compact Binaries
The LIGO Scientific Collaboration, the Virgo Collaboration, the KAGRA Collaboration +1813
We present the population properties of merging compact binaries inferred using 267 mergers from the cumulative Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalog 5.0. As this data set contains…
Low-mass failed supernovae and the peak in the merging black hole mass distribution
Isaac Legred, Jacob Golomb, Katerina Chatziioannou
Gravitational-wave observations reveal that the rate of merging black holes drops by orders of magnitude from component masses to .…
GW241011 and GW241110: Exploring Binary Formation and Fundamental Physics with Asymmetric, High-Spin Black Hole Coalescence
The LIGO Scientific Collaboration, the Virgo Collaboration, the KAGRA Collaboration +1783
We report the observation of gravitational waves from two binary black hole coalescences during the fourth observing run of the LIGO--Virgo--KAGRA detector network, GW241011 and GW…
GWTC-4.0: Population Properties of Merging Compact Binaries
The LIGO Scientific Collaboration, the Virgo Collaboration, the KAGRA Collaboration +1805
We detail the population properties of merging compact objects using 158 mergers from the cumulative Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalog 4.0, which includes three types of binary…
GW231123: a Binary Black Hole Merger with Total Mass 190-265
The LIGO Scientific Collaboration, the Virgo Collaboration, the KAGRA Collaboration +1771
On 2023 November 23 the two LIGO observatories both detected GW231123, a gravitational-wave signal consistent with the merger of two black holes with masses $137^{+23}_{-18}\, M_\o…
The interplay of astrophysics and nuclear physics in determining the properties of neutron stars
Jacob Golomb, Isaac Legred, Katerina Chatziioannou +1
Neutron star properties depend on both nuclear physics and astrophysical processes, and thus observations of neutron stars offer constraints on both large-scale astrophysics and th…
The NANOGrav 15 yr data set: Posterior predictive checks for gravitational-wave detection with pulsar timing arrays
Gabriella Agazie, Akash Anumarlapudi, Anne M. Archibald +99
Pulsar-timing-array experiments have reported evidence for a stochastic background of nanohertz gravitational waves consistent with the signal expected from a population of superma…
Nonlinear Alfvén-wave Dynamics and Premerger Emission from Crustal Oscillations in Neutron Star Mergers
Elias R. Most, Yoonsoo Kim, Katerina Chatziioannou +1
Neutron stars have solid crusts threaded by strong magnetic fields. Perturbations in the crust can excite non-radial oscillations, which can in turn launch Alfven waves into the ma…
PKS 2131-021 -- Discovery of Strong Coherent Sinusoidal Variations from Radio to Optical Frequencies: Compelling Evidence for a Blazar Supermassive Black Hole Binary
S. Kiehlmann, P. V. de la Parra, A. G. Sullivan +31
Haystack and Owens Valley Radio Observatory (OVRO) observations recently revealed strong, intermittent, sinusoidal total flux-density variations that maintained coherence between 1…
Gravitational-wave model for neutron star merger remnants with supervised learning
Theodoros Soultanis, Kiril Maltsev, Andreas Bauswein +3
We present a time-domain model for the gravitational waves emitted by equal-mass binary neutron star merger remnants for a fixed equation of state. We construct a large set of nume…
Observation of Gravitational Waves from the Coalescence of a Compact Object and a Neutron Star
The LIGO Scientific Collaboration, the Virgo Collaboration, the KAGRA Collaboration +1793
We report the observation of a coalescing compact binary with component masses and (all measurements quoted at the 90% credible le…
Background information: a study on the sensitivity of astrophysical gravitational-wave background searches
Arianna I. Renzini, Thomas A. Callister, Katerina Chatziioannou +1
The vast majority of gravitational-wave signals from stellar-mass compact binary mergers are too weak to be individually detected with present-day instruments and instead contribut…
Using Equation of State Constraints to Classify Low-Mass Compact Binary Mergers
Jacob Golomb, Isaac Legred, Katerina Chatziioannou +2
Compact objects observed via gravitational waves are classified as black holes or neutron stars primarily based on their inferred mass with respect to stellar evolution expectation…
Assessing equation of state-independent relations for neutron stars with nonparametric models
Isaac Legred, Bubakar O. Sy-Garcia, Katerina Chatziioannou +1
Relations between neutron star properties that do not depend on the nuclear equation of state offer insights on neutron star physics and have practical applications in data analysi…
GW190521: tracing imprints of spin-precession on the most massive black hole binary
Simona J. Miller, Maximiliano Isi, Katerina Chatziioannou +2
GW190521 is a remarkable gravitational-wave signal on multiple fronts: its source is the most massive black hole binary identified to date and could have spins misaligned with its…
Comparing recent PTA results on the nanohertz stochastic gravitational wave background
The International Pulsar Timing Array Collaboration, G. Agazie, J. Antoniadis +242
The Australian, Chinese, European, Indian, and North American pulsar timing array (PTA) collaborations recently reported, at varying levels, evidence for the presence of a nanohert…
Search for Eccentric Black Hole Coalescences during the Third Observing Run of LIGO and Virgo
The LIGO Scientific Collaboration, the Virgo Collaboration, the KAGRA Collaboration +1772
Despite the growing number of confident binary black hole coalescences observed through gravitational waves so far, the astrophysical origin of these binaries remains uncertain. Or…
The NANOGrav 15-year Data Set: Constraints on Supermassive Black Hole Binaries from the Gravitational Wave Background
Gabriella Agazie, Akash Anumarlapudi, Anne M. Archibald +111
The NANOGrav 15-year data set shows evidence for the presence of a low-frequency gravitational-wave background (GWB). While many physical processes can source such low-frequency gr…
The NANOGrav 15-year Data Set: Search for Signals from New Physics
Adeela Afzal, Gabriella Agazie, Akash Anumarlapudi +120
The 15-year pulsar timing data set collected by the North American Nanohertz Observatory for Gravitational Waves (NANOGrav) shows positive evidence for the presence of a low-freque…
The NANOGrav 15-year Data Set: Evidence for a Gravitational-Wave Background
Gabriella Agazie, Akash Anumarlapudi, Anne M. Archibald +111
We report multiple lines of evidence for a stochastic signal that is correlated among 67 pulsars from the 15-year pulsar-timing data set collected by the North American Nanohertz O…
Phase Transition Phenomenology with Nonparametric Representations of the Neutron Star Equation of State
Reed Essick, Isaac Legred, Katerina Chatziioannou +2
Astrophysical observations of neutron stars probe the structure of dense nuclear matter and have the potential to reveal phase transitions at high densities. Most recent analyses a…
The NANOGrav 15-year Gravitational-Wave Background Methods
Aaron D. Johnson, Patrick M. Meyers, Paul T. Baker +93
Pulsar timing arrays (PTAs) use an array of millisecond pulsars to search for gravitational waves in the nanohertz regime in pulse time of arrival data. This paper presents rigorou…
Posterior predictive checking for gravitational-wave detection with pulsar timing arrays: II. Posterior predictive distributions and pseudo Bayes factors
Patrick M. Meyers, Katerina Chatziioannou, Michele Vallisneri +1
The detection of nanoHertz gravitational waves through pulsar timing arrays hinges on identifying a common stochastic process affecting all pulsars in a correlated way across the s…