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20232026
most citedBenchmarking Uncertainty Quantification Methods for Large Language Models with LM-Polygraph

15 citations · 19 across the 17 of their papers we have counts for

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20 papers

cs.LG2026

IDRF: Inverse-Distilled Reward Fine-tuning of Masked Discrete Diffusion Models

Vladislav Gromadskii, David Li, Samson Gourevitch +4

Masked discrete diffusion models offer a promising alternative to autoregressive generation, but iterative sampling can be costly, and intractable sequence likelihoods complicate r…

cs.CL2026

MIRAGE: Defending Long-Form RAG Against Misinformation Pollution

Saadeldine Eletter, Ruihong Zeng, Yuxia Wang +3

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) improves factuality by grounding LLMs in external evidence, but real-world retrieval is often polluted: semantically relevant passages may cont…

cs.CL2026

Why Don't You Know? Evaluating the Impact of Uncertainty Sources on Uncertainty Quantification in LLMs

Maiya Goloburda, Roman Vashurin, Fedor Chernogorskii +4

As Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in real-world applications, reliable uncertainty quantification (UQ) becomes critical for safe and effective use. Most exi…

cs.CL2026

Uncertainty Quantification for Large Language Diffusion Models

Artem Vazhentsev, Vladislav Smirnov, David Li +3

Large Language Diffusion Models (LLDMs) are emerging as an alternative to autoregressive models, offering faster inference through higher parallelism. Similar to autoregressive LLM…

cs.AI2026

Position: agentic AI orchestration should be Bayes-consistent

Theodore Papamarkou, Pierre Alquier, Matthias Bauer +27

LLMs excel at predictive tasks and complex reasoning tasks, but many high-value deployments rely on decisions under uncertainty, for example, which tool to call, which expert to co…

cs.CL2026

Adaptive Conformal Prediction for Improving Factuality of Generations by Large Language Models

Aleksandr Rubashevskii, Dzianis Piatrashyn, Preslav Nakov +1

Large language models (LLMs) are prone to generating factually incorrect outputs. Recent work has applied conformal prediction to provide uncertainty estimates and statistical guar…

cs.CL2026

ReDAct: Uncertainty-Aware Deferral for LLM Agents

Dzianis Piatrashyn, Nikita Kotelevskii, Kirill Grishchenkov +7

Recently, LLM-based agents have become increasingly popular across many applications, including complex sequential decision-making problems. However, they inherit the tendency of L…

cs.LG2026

IDLM: Inverse-distilled Diffusion Language Models

David Li, Nikita Gushchin, Dmitry Abulkhanov +4

Diffusion Language Models (DLMs) have recently achieved strong results in text generation. However, their multi-step sampling leads to slow inference, limiting practical use. To ad…

stat.ML2025★ 1 cited

Don't Throw Away Your Beams: Improving Consistency-based Uncertainties in LLMs via Beam Search

Ekaterina Fadeeva, Maiya Goloburda, Aleksandr Rubashevskii +5

Consistency-based methods have emerged as an effective approach to uncertainty quantification (UQ) in large language models. These methods typically rely on several generations obt…

cs.CL2025

Faithfulness-Aware Uncertainty Quantification for Fact-Checking the Output of Retrieval Augmented Generation

Ekaterina Fadeeva, Aleksandr Rubashevskii, Dzianis Piatrashyn +7

Large Language Models (LLMs) enhanced with retrieval, an approach known as Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG), have achieved strong performance in open-domain question answering.…

cs.CL2025

Efficient Hallucination Detection for LLMs Using Uncertainty-Aware Attention Heads

Artem Vazhentsev, Lyudmila Rvanova, Gleb Kuzmin +8

While large language models (LLMs) have become highly capable, they remain prone to factual inaccuracies, commonly referred to as "hallucinations." Uncertainty quantification (UQ)…

cs.CL2025

UNCERTAINTY-LINE: Length-Invariant Estimation of Uncertainty for Large Language Models

Roman Vashurin, Maiya Goloburda, Preslav Nakov +1

Large Language Models (LLMs) have become indispensable tools across various applications, making it more important than ever to ensure the quality and the trustworthiness of their…

cs.CL2025

Uncertainty-aware abstention in medical diagnosis based on medical texts

Artem Vazhentsev, Ivan Sviridov, Alvard Barseghyan +5

This study addresses the critical issue of reliability for AI-assisted medical diagnosis. We focus on the selection prediction approach that allows the diagnosis system to abstain…

cs.CL2025★ 1 cited

Token-Level Density-Based Uncertainty Quantification Methods for Eliciting Truthfulness of Large Language Models

Artem Vazhentsev, Lyudmila Rvanova, Ivan Lazichny +4

Uncertainty quantification (UQ) is a prominent approach for eliciting truthful answers from large language models (LLMs). To date, information-based and consistency-based UQ have b…

cs.CL2025

Uncertainty Quantification for LLMs through Minimum Bayes Risk: Bridging Confidence and Consistency

Roman Vashurin, Maiya Goloburda, Albina Ilina +4

Uncertainty quantification (UQ) methods for Large Language Models (LLMs) encompass a variety of approaches, with two major types being particularly prominent: information-based, wh…

cs.CL2024★ 2 cited

Unconditional Truthfulness: Learning Unconditional Uncertainty of Large Language Models

Artem Vazhentsev, Ekaterina Fadeeva, Rui Xing +7

Uncertainty quantification (UQ) has emerged as a promising approach for detecting hallucinations and low-quality output of Large Language Models (LLMs). However, obtaining proper u…

cs.CL2024

Reference-free Hallucination Detection for Large Vision-Language Models

Qing Li, Jiahui Geng, Chenyang Lyu +3

Large vision-language models (LVLMs) have made significant progress in recent years. While LVLMs exhibit excellent ability in language understanding, question answering, and conver…

cs.CL2024★ 15 cited

Benchmarking Uncertainty Quantification Methods for Large Language Models with LM-Polygraph

Roman Vashurin, Ekaterina Fadeeva, Artem Vazhentsev +12

The rapid proliferation of large language models (LLMs) has stimulated researchers to seek effective and efficient approaches to deal with LLM hallucinations and low-quality output…

cs.CL2024

Fact-Checking the Output of Large Language Models via Token-Level Uncertainty Quantification

Ekaterina Fadeeva, Aleksandr Rubashevskii, Artem Shelmanov +9

Large language models (LLMs) are notorious for hallucinating, i.e., producing erroneous claims in their output. Such hallucinations can be dangerous, as occasional factual inaccura…

cs.CL2023

LM-Polygraph: Uncertainty Estimation for Language Models

Ekaterina Fadeeva, Roman Vashurin, Akim Tsvigun +9

Recent advancements in the capabilities of large language models (LLMs) have paved the way for a myriad of groundbreaking applications in various fields. However, a significant cha…