Kinetic-inductance-limited reset time of superconducting nanowire photon counters

Abstract

We investigate the recovery of superconducting NbN-nanowire photon counters after detection of an optical pulse at a wavelength of 1550 nm, and present a model that quantitatively accounts for our observations. The reset time is found to be limited by the large kinetic inductance of these nanowires, which forces a tradeoff between counting rate and either detection efficiency or active area. Devices of usable size and high detection efficiency are found to have reset times orders of magnitude longer than their intrinsic photoresponse time.

Submitted to Applied Physics Letters

References in corpus (1)

• Quantum Cryptography

Cited by in corpus (97)

• Detecting Single Infrared Photons with 93% System Efficiency
• Superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors: physics and applications
• High Speed and High Efficiency Travelling Wave Single-Photon Detectors Embedded in Nanophotonic Circuits
• Tunable superconducting nanoinductors
• Experimental Twin-Field Quantum Key Distribution Through Sending-or-Not-Sending
• Constriction-limited detection efficiency of superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors
• Single-photon detectors combining ultra-high efficiency, detection-rates, and timing resolution
• Electrothermal feedback in superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors
• Superconducting nanowire for single-photon detection: progress, challenges and opportunities
• Waveguide Integrated Superconducting Single Photon Detectors Implemented as Coherent Perfect Absorbers
• A superconducting-nanowire 3-terminal electronic device
• Current Assisted, Thermally Activated Flux Liberation in Ultrathin Nanopatterned NbN Superconducting Meander Structures
• Waveguide integrated low noise NbTiN nanowire single-photon detectors with milli-Hz dark count rate
• Photon-number-resolution with sub-30-ps timing using multi-element superconducting nanowire single photon detectors
• Penetration depth and tunneling studies in very thin epitaxial NbN films
• Reset dynamics and latching in niobium superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors
• Optical single photon detection in micron-scaled NbN bridges
• High-efficiency superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors fabricated from MoSi thin-films
• Resolving photon numbers using a superconducting tapered nanowire detector
• Readout of superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors at high count rates
• On-Chip Single Plasmon Detection
• Superconducting single-photon detector made of MoSi film
• Low-Filling-Factor Superconducting Single Photon Detector with High System Detection Efficiency
• Kinetic impedance and depairing in thin and narrow superconducting films
• Multi-channel SNSPD system with high detection efficiency at telecommunication wavelength
• A scalable multi-photon coincidence detector based on superconducting nanowires
• Stable, high-performance operation of a fiber-coupled superconducting nanowire avalanche photon detector
• High coherence photon pair source for quantum communication
• Ultrasensitive Proximity Josephson Sensor with Kinetic Inductance Read-Out
• Electrodynamics of the Superconducting State in Ultra-Thin Films at THz Frequencies
• High-efficiency WSi superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors operating at 2.5 K
• Characterization of thin-film NbN superconductor for single-photon detection by transport measurements
• Perspective: Challenges and Transformative Opportunities in Superconductor Vortex Physics
• Amplitude-Multiplexed readout of single photon detectors based on superconducting nanowires
• Superfluid flow in disordered superconductors with Dynes pair-breaking scattering: depairing current, kinetic inductance, and superheating field
• Position-Dependent Local Detection Efficiency in a Nanowire Superconducting Single-Photon Detector
• Long-distance practical quantum key distribution by entanglement swapping
• Impedance model for the polarization-dependent optical absorption of superconducting single-photon detectors
• Ultrashort dead time of photon-counting InGaAs avalanche photodiodes
• Dynamics of superconducting nanowires shunted with an external resistor
• Free space-coupled superconducting nanowire single photon detectors for infrared optical communications
• Fractional Order Shapiro Steps in Superconducting Nanowires
• Microwave dynamics of high aspect ratio superconducting nanowires studied using self-resonance
• A four-pixel single-photon pulse-position camera fabricated from WSi superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors
• Niobium superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors
• Low kinetic inductance superconducting $Mg{B}_2$ nanowire photon detectors with a 100 picosecond relaxation time
• Granular Aluminum Meandered Superinductors for Quantum Circuits
• An ultra-fast superconducting Nb nanowire single-photon detector for soft X-rays
• Superconducting nanowire single photon detectors for quantum information and communications
• Inhomogeneous critical current in nanowire superconducting single-photon detectors
• Efficient Bell state analyzer for time-bin qubits with fast-recovery WSi superconducting single photon detectors
• Universal Response Curve for Nanowire Superconducting Single-Photon Detectors
• Gigacount/second photon detection with InGaAs avalanche photodiodes
• A metastable superconducting qubit
• Effects of nonmagnetic impurities and subgap states on the kinetic inductance, complex conductivity, quality factor and depairing current density
• Detector dead-time effects and paralyzability in high-speed quantum key distribution
• Superconducting fluctuations and characteristic time scales in amorphous WSi
• Development of SNSPD System with Gifford-McMahon Cryocooler
• Scalable Cryogenic Read-out Circuit for a Superconducting Nanowire Single-Photon Detector System
• Direct measurement of the recovery time of superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors
• Optimisation of NbN thin films on GaAs substrates for in-situ single photon detection in structured photonic devices
• Multi-mode architectures for noise-resilient superconducting qubits
• Superconducting nanowires as high-rate photon detectors in strong magnetic fields
• Superconducting parallel nanowire detector with photon number resolving functionality
• Investigations of afterpulsing and detection efficiency recovery in superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors
• Quantum Nature of Light Measured With a Single Detector
• Gated Mode Superconducting Nanowire Single Photon Detectors
• Active Quenching of Superconducting Nanowire Single Photon Detectors
• Josephson photodetectors via temperature-to-phase conversion
• Rise times of voltage pulses in NbN superconducting single-photon detectors
• Soft X-Ray Single-Photon Detection With Superconducting Tantalum Nitride and Niobium Nanowires
• Superconducting-superconducting hybridization for enhancing single-photon detection
• Potential of a Superconducting Photon Counter for Heterodyne Detection at Telecommunication Wavelength
• Superconducting Nanowire Single Photon Detectors On-Fiber
• Recent advances on quantum key distribution overcoming the linear secret key capacity bound
• Sputtered NbN Films for Ultrahigh Performance Superconducting Nanowire Single-Photon Detectors
• Probing the Hotspot Interaction Length in NbN Nanowire Superconducting Single-Photon Detectors
• High-resistivity niobium nitride films for unity-efficiency SMSPDs at telecom wavelengths and beyond
• First Sub-MeV Dark Matter Search with the QROCODILE Experiment Using Superconducting Nanowire Single-Photon Detectors
• Characteristics of superconducting single photon detector in DPS-QKD system under bright illumination blinding attack
• Highly sensitive single-molecule detection in slow protein ion beams
• Synchronous single-photon detection with self-resetting GHz-gated superconducting NbN nanowires
• Tomography and state reconstruction with superconducting single-photon detectors
• Role of kinetic inductance in transport properties of shunted superconducting nanowires
• Current-Crowding-Free Superconducting Nanowire Single-Photon Detectors
• Photocounting statistics of superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors
• Site-Selective Enhancement of Superconducting Nanowire Single-Photon Detectors via Local Helium Ion Irradiation
• Single photon detection up to 2 um in pair of parallel microstrips based on NbRe ultrathin films
• Comparison of SNSPDs biased with microwave and direct currents
• Kinetic inductance of superconducting nanostrips with turns
• Design and Performance of Parallel-channel Nanocryotrons in Magnetic Fields
• Tungsten Germanide Superconducting Nanowire Single-Photon Detectors with Saturated Internal Detection Efficiency at Wavelengths up to 29 μm
• I-V characteristics of short superconducting nanowires with different bias and shunt: a dynamic approach
• Compact Itinerant Microwave Photonics with Superconducting High-Kinetic Inductance Microstrips
• Time-tagging data acquisition system for testing superconducting electronics based on an RFSoC and custom analog frontend
• Laser-Induced Relaxation Oscillations in Superconducting Nanobridge Single Photon Detectors
• Nonlinear response of telecom-wavelength superconducting single-photon detectors