A Kink Soliton Characterizing Traffic Congestion

Abstract

We study traffic congestion by analyzing a one dimensional traffic flow model. Developing an asymptotic method to investigate the long time behavior near a critical point, we derive the modified Korteweg-de Vries (mKdV) equation as the lowest order model. There are an infinite number of kink solitons to the mKdV equation, while it has been found by numerical simulations that the kink pattern arising in traffic congestion is uniquely determined irrespective of initial conditions. In order to resolve this selection problem, we consider higher order corrections to the mKdV equation and find that there is a kink soliton which can deform continuously with the perturbation represented by the addition of these corrections. With numerical confirmation, we show that this continuously deformable kink soliton characterizes traffic congestion. We also discuss the relationship between traffic congestion and slugging phenomenon in granular flow.

22 pages, REVTeX with 8 figures (uuencoded tar-compressed postscript)

References in corpus (2)

• Coupled-Map Modeling of One-Dimensional Traffic Flow
• Dynamical Simulation of Fluidized Beds --- Hydrodynamically Interacting Granular Particles

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