Tachyon Dynamics in Open String Theory

Abstract

In this review we describe our current understanding of the properties of open string tachyons on an unstable D-brane or brane-antibrane system in string theory. The various string theoretic methods used for this study include techniques of two dimensional conformal field theory, open string field theory, boundary string field theory, non-commutative solitons etc. We also describe various attempts to understand these results using field theoretic methods. These field theory models include toy models like singular potential models and p-adic string theory, as well as more realistic version of the tachyon effective action based on Dirac-Born-Infeld type action. Finally we study closed string background produced by the `decaying' unstable D-branes, both in the critical string theory and in the two dimensional string theory, and describe the open string completeness conjecture that emerges out of this study. According to this conjecture the quantum dynamics of an unstable D-brane system is described by an internally consistent quantum open string field theory without any need to couple the system to closed strings. Each such system can be regarded as a part of the `hologram' describing the full string theory.

LaTex file, 169 pages, based on lectures at various schools; v2: references added

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• On the BCFT Description of Holes in the c=1 Matrix Model
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• The big picture
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• D-branes in Orbifold Singularities and Equivariant K-Theory
• Gauge Fields and Scalars in Rolling Tachyon Backgrounds
• Tachyon Condensation and Universal Solutions in String Field Theory
• D-brane Dynamics in the c=1 Matrix Model
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• Gauge Fields on Tachyon Matter
• Exact Solutions of Berkovits' String Field Theory
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• Non-Singular Solutions for S-branes
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• Stringy Higgs Mechanism and the Fate of Open Strings
• Off-shell extension of S-matrix elements and tachyonic effective actions
• Anomalous reparametrizations and butterfly states in string field theory
• Spacelike and Time Dependent Branes from DBI
• Tachyon condensation in unstable type I D-brane systems
• Limits of the D-brane action
• Exact solitons on noncommutative tori
• Metamorphosis Of Tachyon Profile In Unstable D9-Branes
• An Improved Brane Anti-Brane Action from Boundary Superstring Field Theory and Multi-Vortex Solutions
• Sphalerons, Merons and Unstable Branes in AdS
• Gauge Fixing and Scattering Amplitudes in String Field Theory Expanded around Universal Solutions
• Vacuum String Field Theory with B field
• Notes on Tachyon Effective Actions and Veneziano Amplitudes
• Rolling down to D-brane and tachyon matter
• Energy Momentum Tensor and Marginal Deformations in Open String Field Theory
• Oscillator Representation of the BCFT Construction of D-branes in Vacuum String Field Theory
• CFT Description of Identity String Field: Toward Derivation of the VSFT Action
• NS Matter Sliver
• D-Sphalerons and the Topology of String Configuration Space
• Tachyon Condensation and Spectrum of Strings on D-branes
• Squeezed State Projectors in String Field Theory
• Topological Charges of Noncommutative Soliton
• B field and squeezed states in Vacuum String Field Theory
• The Tachyon does Matter
• Gauge Invariance and Tachyon Condensation in Cubic Superstring Field Theory
• Physical States at the Tachyonic Vacuum of Open String Field Theory
• Discrete State Moduli of String Theory from c=1 Matrix Model
• Excitations on wedge states and on the sliver
• Comments on Half S-Branes
• S-matrix elements and off-shell tachyon action with non-abelian gauge symmetry
• Test of the Absence of Kinetic Terms around the Tachyon Vacuum in Cubic String Field Theory
• A Time-Dependent Classical Solution of C=1 String Field Theory and Non-Perturbative Effects
• On open superstring partition function in inhomogeneous rolling tachyon background
• Dressed Sliver solutions in Vacuum String Field Theory
• Tensionless Branes and Discrete Gauge Symmetry
• On different actions for the vacuum of bosonic string field theory
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• Uniqueness of Tachyonic Solitons
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• On Ghost Structure of Vacuum Superstring Field Theory
• Tachyonic Kink and Lump-like Solutions in Superstring Field Theory
• A Note on D-Branes of Odd Codimensions from Noncommutative Tachyons
• Gauge transformations on a D-brane in Vacuum String Field Theory
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• On non-abelian structures in open string field theory
• NS Ghost Slivers
• Analytic Study of Nonperturbative Solutions in Open String Field Theory
• Reexamining Classical Solution and Tachyon Mode in Vacuum String Field Theory
• Interacting Theory of Collective and Topological Fields in 2 Dimensions
• Closed String Emission from Unstable D-brane with Background Electric Field
• The Equality of Solutions in Vacuum String Field Theory
• Tachyon Tube on non BPS D-branes
• The Decay of Unstable Noncommutative Solitons
• Comments on Solutions of Vacuum Superstring Field Theory
• One-loop Correction of the Tachyon Action in Boundary Superstring Field Theory
• D-branes as GMS Solitons in Vacuum String Field Theory
• Note on D-Brane Effective Action in the Linear Dilaton Background
• On the Supersymmetry of Non-BPS D-brane
• Non-BPS Dirichlet branes
• Test of Siegel Gauge for the Lump Solution
• Supergravity approach to tachyon condensation on the brane-antibrane system
• Brane - Antibrane as a Defect of Tachyon Condensation
• Non-Abelian Born-Infeld Action and Solitons for Critical Non-BPS Branes
• Matrix Model, Noncommutative Gauge Theory and the Tachyon Potential
• A note on the decay of noncommutative solitons
• Supergravity Approach to Tachyon Potential in Brane-Antibrane Systems
• Survey of the Tachyonic Lump in Bosonic String Field Theory
• Tachyon condensation in the D0/D4 system
• Moduli Spaces of D-branes in CFT-backgrounds
• Brane-Antibrane Systems Interaction under Tachyon Condensation
• Tachyon condensation using the disc partition function
• Note on Noncommutative Tachyon in Matrix Models
• Exact Tachyon Condensation on Noncommutative Torus
• Open string decoupling and tachyon condensation
• Moduli Space of Unstable D-branes on a Circle of Critical Radius
• Rolling Tachyon with Electromagnetic Field in Linear Dilaton Background
• Notes on D-branes in 2D Type 0 String Theory
• Tachyon Condensation in Noncommutative Gauge Theory
• Strings as Flux Tube and Deconfinement on Branes in Gauge Theories
• Brane-Antibrane Constructions
• Fundamental Strings as Noncommutative Solitons
• Thermal Partition Functions for S-branes
• Noncommutative Solitons and Intersecting D-Branes
• Tubular D-branes in Salam-Sezgin Model
• Proposal for the Open String Tachyon Effective Action in the Linear Dilaton Background
• Closed String Field Theory with Dynamical D-brane
• Brane Decay and Death of Open Strings
• Kinky D-branes and straight strings of open string tachyon effective theory
• Non-Abelian Field Theory of stable non-BPS Branes
• Tachyon Lump Solutions of Bosonic D-branes on SU(2) Group Manifolds in Cubic String Field Theory
• Non-orientable Boundary Superstring Field theory with Tachyon field
• Comments on Tachyon Potentials in Closed and Open-Closed String Theories
• Interpolating between open and closed strings - a BSFT approach
• c=1 Boundary Conformal Field Theory Revisited
• Solving Witten's SFT by Insertion of Operators on Projectors
• D-Brane Effective Actions and Particle Production near the Beginning of the Tachyon Condensation
• Projector Equivalences in K theory and Families of Non-commutative Solitons
• Time evolution of rolling tachyons for a brane-antibrane pair
• N D0-branes and antibranes in the background independent string field theory
• Tachyon Condensation on Orbifolds and McKay Correspondence
• Stretched strings in tachyon condensation models
• O(D) invariant tachyon condensates in the 1/D expansion
• Gauge Structure of Vacuum String Field Theory
• Ghost Sector of Vacuum String Field Theory and the Projection Equation
• Stable D8-branes and Tachyon Condensation in Type 0 Open String Theory
• On the effective action of a space-like brane
• Some Issues in Noncommutative Solitons as D-branes
• Bosonic D-brane Effective Action in Linear Dilaton Background
• Twisted K-theory in $g>1$ from D-branes
• Stable Solitons in Field Theory Models for Tachyon Condensation
• A Note on Nonperturbative Instability in String Theory
• On the Algebraic K-theory of The Massive D8 and M9 Branes
• D-Branes from N D(-1)-Branes in Bosonic and Type IIA String Theory
• Brane Vacuum as Chain of Rotators
• Butterfly Tachyons in Vacuum String Field Theory
• Particle Production in Tachyon Condensation
• Remarks on Non-BPS D-Branes
• Toy Model for Tachyon Condensation in Bosonic String Field Theory
• A Note on Fermion and Gauge Couplings in Field Theory Models for Tachyon Condensation

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• Cosmology of the closed string tachyon
• Born-Infeld cosmology with scalar Born-Infeld matter
• Electromagnetic and thermal responses in topological matter: topological terms, quantum anomalies and D-branes
• Chiral Magnets from String Theory
• RG-Induced Modulus Stabilization: Perturbative de Sitter Vacua and Improved $D3$-$\overline{D3}$ Inflation
• Moduli Spaces of Cold Holographic Matter
• Factorization Conjecture and the Open/Closed String Correspondence
• Regge theory in a Holographic dual of QCD in the Veneziano Limit
• Semi-localized instability of the Kaluza-Klein linear dilaton vacuum
• On the Relevance of the Thermal Scalar
• Cutkosky Rules and Unitarity (Violation) in D-instanton Amplitudes
• Moving Fractional Branes with Background Fields: Interaction and Tachyon Condensation
• Unified Dark Energy-Dark Matter model with Inverse Quintessence
• Note About Tachyon Kink In Nontrivial Background
• On tachyons, gauged linear sigma models, and flip transitions
• A solution to the 4-tachyon off-shell amplitude in cubic string field theory
• $K$-field kinks: stability, exact solutions and new features
• How to build a compact brane
• Open/closed string duality and relativistic fluids
• Constructing warm inflationary model in brane-antibrane system
• Constraints on the generalized tachyon field models from latest observational data
• Phenomenology of symmetry breaking from extra dimensions
• Topologically Massive Gravity and Ricci-Cotton Flow
• Timelike Boundary Sine-Gordon Theory and Two-Component Plasma
• Defect formation from defect--anti-defect annihilations
• Hamiltonian for scalar field model of infinite derivative gravity
• Note About Non-BPS and BPS Dp-branes in Near Horizon Region of N Dk-Branes
• Non-perturbative transitions among intersecting-brane vacua
• c=1 Matrix Models: Equivalences and Open-Closed String Duality
• Geometrical Tachyon Dynamics in the Background of a Bulk Tachyon Field
• On RR Couplings and Bulk Singularity Structures of Non-BPS Branes
• Toy models for closed string tachyon solitons
• Non-local Lagrangian Mechanics: Noether theorem and Hamiltonian formalism
• The Final Fate of the Rolling Tachyon
• N-point functions in rolling tachyon background
• Brane tachyon dynamics
• Dynamics of interacting scalar field model in the realm of chiral cosmology
• Hairpin-Branes and Tachyon-Paperclips in Holographic Backgrounds
• M-Theory Through the Looking Glass: Tachyon Condensation in the E_8 Heterotic String
• Inflation from String Theory
• Gravitational collapse with tachyon field and barotropic fluid
• Classical Solutions and Order of Zeros in Open String Field Theory
• ZZ Instantons and the Non-Perturbative Dual of c = 1 String Theory
• Remarks on the mixed Ramond -Ramond, open string scattering amplitudes of BPS, non-BPS and brane-anti brane
• Solar System Constraints on Scalar Tensor Theories with Non-Standard Action
• Non-Relativistic Non-BPS Dp-brane
• Covariant open bosonic string field theory on multiple D-branes in the proper-time gauge
• Cyclically deformed defects and topological mass constraints
• Anti-de Sitter D-branes in Curved Backgrounds
• A Thermodynamic Interpretation of Time for Superstring Rolling Tachyons
• Large-small dualities between periodic collapsing/expanding branes and brane funnels
• Connecting flux vacua through scalar field excursions
• Stability of kinklike structures in generalized models
• A Two-Dimensional String Cosmology
• Assisted Inflation from Geometric Tachyon
• On D-brane-Anti D-brane Effective actions and their all order Bulk Singularity Structures
• Non-abelian expansion of S-matrix elements and non-abelian tachyon DBI action
• Dark Energy Scaling from Dark Matter to Acceleration
• Ising model conformal boundary conditions from open string field theory
• Quantum gravity phenomenology at the dawn of the multi-messenger era -- A review
• Remark about Non-BPS Dp-Brane at the Tachyon Vacuum Moving in Curved Background
• Tachyon-dependent Chern-Simons terms and the V-QCD Baryon
• The V-QCD baryon : numerical solution and baryon spectrum
• Vector-axial vector correlators in weak electric field and the holographic dynamics of the chiral condensate
• Holographic dense QCD in the Veneziano limit
• A Landscape in Boundary String Field Theory: New Class of Solutions with Massive State Condensation
• Interacting holographic tachyon model of dark energy
• Geometric Tachyon to Universal Open String Tachyon
• Geometry from Matrices via D-branes
• Exploring Vacuum Manifold of Open String Field Theory
• Tachyon-Dilaton-induced Inflation as an alpha'-resummed String Background
• Origin of the geometric tachyon
• Tachyon Kinks in Boundary String Field Theory
• Electrostatics of Coulomb gas, lattice paths, and discrete polynuclear growth
• Fisher Equation for a Decaying Brane
• Tachyon Condensation and Brane Annihilation in Bose-Einstein Condensates: Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking in Restricted Lower-dimensional Subspace
• Closed tachyon solitons in type II string theory
• Tachyon potentials from a supersymmetric FRW model
• Rolling tachyon and the Phase Space of Open String Field Theory
• Applications of Thirring Model to Inhomogenous Rolling Tachyon and Dissipative Quantum Mechanics
• Radiation of Closed Strings between the Parallel Dynamical-Dressed Unstable Dp-Branes
• Time-localized projectors in String Field Theory with E-field
• Tachyon Condensation and Non-BPS D-branes in a Ramond-Ramond Plane Wave Background
• Chan-Paton factors and Higgsing from Vacuum String Field Theory
• A Universality in PP-Waves
• Hagedorn String Thermodynamics in Curved Spacetimes and near Black Hole Horizons
• Boundary Description of Microstates of the Two-Dimensional Black Hole
• Matching the linear spectra of twinlike defects
• Some No-go Theorems for String Duals of Non-relativistic Lifshitz-like Theories
• Primordial Gravitational Waves Spectrum in the Coupled-Scalar-Tachyon Bounce Universe
• Electrostatics approach to closed string pair production from a decaying D-brane
• Deforming tachyon kinks and tachyon potentials
• Non-SUSY $p$-branes delocalized in two directions, tachyon condensation and T-duality
• Cosmic Acceleration from Varying Masses in Five Dimensions
• Phase Transitions in Separated $D_{p-1}$ and anti-$D_{p-1}$ Branes at Finite Temperature
• Ramond-Ramond couplings of D-branes
• Higher derivative corrections to Wess-Zumino action of Brane-Antibrane systems
• Tachyon Condensation with B-field
• Hamiltonian Analysis of Non-Relativistic Non-BPS Dp-brane
• Perturbatively deformed defects in Pöschl-Teller-driven scenarios for quantum mechanics
• Fundamental strings and NS5-branes from unstable D-branes in supergravity
• Intersecting non-SUSY $p$-brane with chargeless 0-brane as black $p$-brane
• Charge varying sine-Gordon deformed defects
• Quantum corrections for D-brane models with broken supersymmetry
• Membrane in M5-branes Background
• Stable and Unstable Dp-branes in p-brane Newton-Cartan Background
• Lorentzian wormholes supported by tachyon matter
• Unstable D-brane in Torsional Newton-Cartan Background
• Generalized scalar field models with the same energy density and linear stability
• Klein factors and Fermi-Bose Equivalence
• Highly Symmetric D-brane-Anti-D-brane Effective Actions
• Travelling Front of a Decaying Brane in String Field Theory
• Knotted instantons from annihilations of monopole-instanton complex
• Duality linking standard and tachyon scalar field cosmologies
• Ghost D-brane, Supersymmetry and Matrix Model
• D-branes and Closed String Field Theory
• On modified tachyon DBI action
• Decaying D-branes and Moving Mirrors
• Closed String Tachyons on AdS Orbifolds and Dual Yang-Mills Instantons
• On effective actions of non-BPS branes and their higher derivative corrections
• A Tutorial on Links between Cosmic String Theory and Superstring Theory
• Note About Unstable M3-brane Action
• Brane-Antibrane Dynamics From the Tachyon DBI Action
• Aspects of Dirichlet S-branes
• Inhomogeneous tachyon dynamics and the zipper
• Black Hole - String Transition and Rolling D-brane
• Perturbations and moduli space dynamics of tachyon kinks
• D0-brane tension in string field theory
• Moving Branes in Presence of the Background Tachyon Fields
• TFD Extension of Open String Field Theory
• Fundamental strings in SFT
• Carroll Limit of Non-BPS Dp-Brane
• Note About Covariant Hamiltonian Formalism for Strings, p-Branes and Unstable Dp-Branes
• Rolling tachyon in anti-de Sitter space-time
• Note on Light-like Tachyon Condensation
• Electric Tachyon Inflation
• On All-Order Higher-Point $\text{D}p$-$\overline{\text{D}p}$ Effective Actions
• On the question of regular solitons in a Noncommutative Maxwell--Chern--Simons--Higgs model
• Comments on geometric and universal open string tachyons near fivebranes
• Boundary Super-Deformations, Boundary States, and Tachyon Condensation
• Finite Temperature Corrections to Tachyon Mass in Intersecting D-Branes
• Intersecting Flavor Branes
• Quantum Cosmology Aspects Of D3 Branes and Tachyon Dynamics
• Bulk-Brane Duality in Field Theory
• Strings from geometric tachyon in Rindler space and black hole thermodynamics
• Graviton production from D-string recombination and annihilation
• ZZ Brane Decay in D Dimensions
• Decoupling of gravity on non-susy D$p$ branes
• Homogeneous Rolling Tachyons in Boundary String Field Theory
• The Big Trip and Wheeler-DeWitt equation
• Spinflation from Geometric Tachyon
• D-branes in overcritical electric fields
• Handle Operators in String Theory
• Supertubes in Matrix model and DBI action
• Anti-de Sitter D-brane dynamics
• Topological origin of quantum mechanical vacuum transitions and tunneling
• A note on tachyon actions in string theory
• High-energy asymptotics of D-brane decay amplitudes from Coulomb gas electrostatics
• Note About Unstable D-Brane with Dynamical Tension
• All-Order Quartic Couplings in Highly Symmetric D-brane-Anti-D-brane Systems
• Radiation of a Massless Closed String from Interacting D$p$-branes with Background Fields in the Superstring Theory
• Phenomenology of Strong Interactions -- Towards an Effective Theory for Low Energy QCD
• Can matter really cross a horizon?
• Cosmic D- and DF-strings from D3Dbar3: Black Strings and BPS Limit
• Comments on D3-Brane Holography
• Proper acceleration, geometric tachyon and dynamics of a fundamental string near D$p$ branes
• Bifundamental Superfluids from Holography
• Kondo flow invariants, twisted K-theory and Ramond-Ramond charges
• On Tachyons in Generic Orbifolds of $\BC^r$ and Gauged Linear Sigma Models
• All Order ${\alpha }^{\prime }$ Corrections to Fermionic Couplings of D-brane-Anti-D-brane Effective Actions
• Worldline techniques for string theory solitons: recoil, annihilation and pair production
• Non Abelian Tachyon Kinks
• Dirac-Born-Infeld actions and Tachyon Monopoles
• On Non-BPS Effective Actions of String Theory
• Generalized scalar field models in the presence of impurities
• D1-brane with Overcritical Electric Field in AdS3 and S-brane
• On the Universal Tachyon and Geometrical Tachyon
• Holographic entanglement entropy in open-closed string duality
• Quons in a Quantum Dissipative System
• On the origin of thermal string gas
• Tachyon field theory description of (thermo)dynamics in dS space
• Brane with Transverse Rotation and Background Fields: Boundary State and Tachyon Condensation
• Open-Closed String Correspondence in Open String Field Theory
• Tachyon condensation in unbalanced D-anti D system
• On Special Limit of Non-Supersymmetric Effective Actions of type II String theory
• Exact Rolling Tachyon in Noncommutative Field Theory
• Confinement and Non-perturbative Tachyons in Brane-Antibrane Systems
• Tachyon Couplings to Fermion
• On the Correspondence of Open and Closed Strings
• Finite Temperature at Finite Places
• BPS Limit of Multi- D- and DF-strings in Boundary String Field Theory
• Relativistic Dynamics of Multi-BPS D-vortices and Straight BPS D-strings
• Tachyon cosmology with non-vanishing minimum potential: a unified model
• Classification of Hypercylindrical Spacetimes with Momentum Flow
• Intersecting D-brane Stacks and Tachyons at Finite Temperature
• Interaction of Moving Branes with Background Massless and Tachyon Fields in Superstring Theory
• Topological defects in open string field theory
• Non-perturbative Treatments of the Bosonic String and the Axion with Cosmological Implications
• Exact solutions in the Dirac-Born-Infeld effective theory and the fate of tachyon
• Non-trivial Tachyon Profiles in Low Energy Effective Theory
• Flat and bent branes in Born-Infeld-like scalar field models
• How to Stop (Worrying and Love) the Bubble: Boundary Changing Solutions
• Quantum Extended Arithmetic Veneziano Amplitude
• Moving Branes with Background Massless and Tachyon Fields in the Compact Spacetime
• Open String Pair Production from the Interacting Dressed-Angled D-Strings
• Covariant holography of a tachyonic accelerating universe
• Thermodynamics and Tachyon Condensation of the Dressed-Dynamical Unstable D$p$-branes
• Compact structures in impurity-doped vacuumless systems
• Gravitational Background of Alice-Vortices and R7-Branes
• On open-closed extension of boundary string field theory
• On fluctuations of closed string tachyon solitons
• Quark flavors in hot and dense holographic QCD: setup and comparison to data
• Reformulation of Boundary String Field Theory in terms of Boundary State
• Negative-Tension Branes and Tensionless 1/2 Brane in Boundary Conformal Field Theory
• Fractional S-branes on a Spacetime Orbifold
• Canonical Analysis of Geometrical Action for Dp-brane
• Aspects of inflation and the very early universe
• Stability of the Travelling Front of a Decaying Brane
• Pair Creation of Open Strings between the Unstable-Dressed D$p$-branes
• Confinement and non-perturbative tachyons in brane-antibrane systems: A summary
• Kinetically stabilized inflation
• $U(1)$ Chiral Symmetry in One-Dimensional Interacting Electron System with Spin
• Revisiting color superconductors in bottom-up holography
• AdS/QCD and Type 0 String Theory
• A Note on Tachyon Moduli and Closed Strings
• A note on D-brane Interactions in the IIA Plane-Wave Background
• Exact Results on Equations of Motion in Vacuum String Field Theory
• Exact solutions and momentum couplings in the Dirac-Born-Infeld effective theory
• Mechanisms for Supersymmetry Breaking in Open String Vacua
• Inflation on a Pair of D3-brane and D3bar-brane in Klebanov-Strassler Background
• Condensation de tachyon dans le système brane-antibrane
• Fundamental String (Membrane) Orbiting D5(M5)-branes
• Time-dependent Backgrounds in String Theory and Dualities
• Pseudo-Nambu-Goldstone bosons and tachyons in flux compactification
• Stringy Threshold Corrections in D-brane Systems
• Confinement and Pseudoscalar Glueball Spectrum in the $2+1$D QCD-Like Theory from the Non-Susy D$2$ Brane
• Dissolving D0-brane into D2-brane with background B-field
• On the effective action of D-brane-anti-D-brane system