Entropy Bounds and Black Hole Remnants

Abstract

We rederive the universal bound on entropy with the help of black holes while allowing for Unruh--Wald buoyancy. We consider a box full of entropy lowered towards and then dropped into a Reissner--Nordström black hole in equilibrium with thermal radiation. We avoid the approximation that the buoyant pressure varies slowly across the box, and compute the buoyant force exactly. We find, in agreement with independent investigations, that the neutral point generically lies very near the horizon. A consequence is that in the generic case, the Unruh--Wald entropy restriction is neither necessary nor sufficient for enforcement of the generalized second law. Another consequence is that generically the buoyancy makes only a negligible contribution to the energy bookeeping, so that the original entropy bound is recovered if the generalized second law is assumed to hold. The number of particle species does not figure in the entropy bound, a point that has caused some perplexity. We demonstrate by explicit calculation that, for arbitrarily large number of particle species, the bound is indeed satisfied by cavity thermal radiation in the thermodynamic regime, provided vacuum energies are included. We also show directly that thermal radiation in a cavity in $D$ dimensional space also respects the bound regardless of the value of $D$. As an application of the bound we show that it strongly restricts the information capacity of the posited black hole remnants, so that they cannot serve to resolve the information paradox.

12 pages, UCSBTH-93-23

References in corpus (6)

• Black Holes and Massive Remnants
• Are Horned Particles the Climax of Hawking Evaporation?
• Black Hole Remnants and the Information Puzzle
• Hawking Radiation and Back-Reaction
• Quantum Limitations on the Storage and Transmission of Information
• Firewalls, black-hole thermodynamics, and singular solutions of the Tolman-Oppenheimer-Volkoff equation

Cited by in corpus (186)

• Large N Field Theories, String Theory and Gravity
• The World as a Hologram
• M Theory As A Matrix Model: A Conjecture
• The holographic principle
• Effective Field Theory, Black Holes, and the Cosmological Constant
• The Pre-Big Bang Scenario in String Cosmology
• Tests of the Gravitational Inverse-Square Law
• The Thermodynamics of Black Holes
• Noncommutative Black Holes, The Final Appeal To Quantum Gravity: A Review
• Dark Matter and Dark Energy Interactions: Theoretical Challenges, Cosmological Implications and Observational Signatures
• Black Holes and Sub-millimeter Dimensions
• Constraints on holographic dark energy from type Ia supernova observations
• The Holographic Dark Energy in a Non-flat Universe
• Black Hole Bound on the Number of Species and Quantum Gravity at LHC
• Black Hole Remnants and the Information Loss Paradox
• Relative entropy and the Bekenstein bound
• Constraints on Holographic Dark Energy from Latest Supernovae, Galaxy Clustering, and Cosmic Microwave Background Anisotropy Observations
• Proof of Classical Versions of the Bousso Entropy Bound and of the Generalized Second Law
• A Primer on Energy Conditions
• Dynamical vacuum energy, holographic quintom, and the reconstruction of scalar-field dark energy
• Space from Hilbert Space: Recovering Geometry from Bulk Entanglement
• Reconstructing holographic quintessence
• Constraints on holographic dark energy from X-ray gas mass fraction of galaxy clusters
• Holography, Cosmology and the Second Law of Thermodynamics
• Geometric Holography, the Renormalization Group and the c-Theorem
• Uncertainty Relation on World Crystal and its Applications to Micro Black Holes
• Probing interaction and spatial curvature in the holographic dark energy model
• Observational Constraints on Cosmological Models with the Updated Long Gamma-Ray Bursts
• Interacting holographic dark energy
• Anthropic Principle Favors the Holographic Dark Energy
• Constraints on the dark energy from holography
• Statefinder diagnosis in a non-flat universe and the holographic model of dark energy
• The "physical process" version of the first law and the generalized second law for charged and rotating black holes
• Generalized Uncertainty Principle and Corpuscular Gravity
• Matrix Theory
• Black hole thermodynamics with generalized uncertainty principle
• Planck Constraints on Holographic Dark Energy
• M-Theory as a Holographic Field Theory
• The Generalized Second Law of Thermodynamics in Cosmology
• Age Problem in the Holographic Dark Energy Model
• Holographic modified gravity
• Nonsaturated Holographic Dark Energy
• Features of holographic dark energy under the combined cosmological constraints
• Constraints on holographic dark energy models using the differential ages of passively evolving galaxies
• Holographic dark energy in Brans-Dicke cosmology with chameleon scalar field
• Black holes and information theory
• A Causal Entropy Bound
• The AdS/CFT Correspondence
• Large quantum gravity effects: Unexpected limitations of the classical theory
• Entropy-Corrected Holographic Dark Energy
• How does the entropy/information bound work ?
• Do black holes radiate?
• Do massive compact objects without event horizon exist in infinite derivative gravity?
• Pilgrim Dark Energy
• Interacting holographic dark energy with logarithmic correction
• IR/UV Mixing, Towers of Species and Swampland Conjectures
• Non-Archimedean character of quantum buoyancy and the generalized second law of thermodynamics
• Black Hole Relics in String Gravity: Last Stages of Hawking Evaporation
• Revisit of the Interaction between Holographic Dark Energy and Dark Matter
• An evaluation of cosmological models from expansion and growth of structure measurements
• On Stringy Thresholds in SYM/AdS Thermodynamics
• Ten Proofs of the Generalized Second Law
• Interacting Entropy-Corrected Holographic Dark Energy and IR Cut-Off Length
• Holographic f(T)-gravity model with power-law entropy correction
• Entropy Conservation of Linear Dilaton Black Holes in Quantum Corrected Hawking Radiation
• Black Hole Information
• Fundamental thermodynamical equation of a self-gravitating system
• Black hole polarization and new entropy bounds
• CFT, Holography, and Causal Entropy Bound
• Information loss and entropy conservation in quantum corrected Hawking radiation
• The Small Scale Structure of Space-Time: A Bibliographical Review
• Comment on entropy bounds and the generalized second law
• On the Status of Highly Entropic Objects
• On the Origin of Entropic Gravity and Inertia
• Higher Spin Theories in AdS_3 and a Gravitational Exclusion Principle
• Modified Holographic Dark Energy
• Reconstructing the interaction rate in holographic models of dark energy
• Improved Upper Bound to the Entropy of a Charged System
• Are there hyperentropic objects ?
• Couplings between holographic dark energy and dark matter
• Universal Entropy Bound for Rotating Systems
• Holographic Dark Energy with Cosmological Constant
• The Shortest Scale of Quantum Field Theory
• The Smeared Null Energy Condition
• Formation and evaporation of quantum black holes from the decoupling mechanism in quantum gravity
• Holographic Bound in Brans-Dicke Cosmology
• A proof of the weak gravity conjecture
• Perfect mirrors and the self-accelerating box paradox
• Entropy localization and extensivity in the semiclassical black hole evaporation
• Black Hole Entropy: a spacetime foam approach
• Generalized Holographic Dark Energy and its Observational Constraints
• Quantum Tunneling and Quasinormal Modes in the Spacetime of Alcubierre Warp Drive
• Unusual quantum states: nonlocality, entropy, Maxwell's daemon, and fractals
• Entanglement Spheres and a UV-IR connection in Effective Field Theories
• Holographic dark energy: constraints on the interaction from diverse observational data sets
• New holographic dark energy model with non-linear interaction
• Holographic dark energy and late cosmic acceleration
• Cosmic Censorship: The Role of Quantum Gravity
• Deformed Density Matrix and Quantum Entropy of the Black Hole
• Fermions and the Swampland
• Reconstruction of interaction rate in Holographic dark energy
• Determining the Minimal Length Scale of the Generalized Uncertainty Principle from the Entropy-Area Relationship
• A note on interacting holographic dark energy with a Hubble-scale cutoff
• Thermodynamics of Spinor Quintom
• Superradiance in dispersive black hole analogues
• Minimum length (scale) in Quantum Field Theory, Generalized Uncertainty Principle and the non-renormalisability of gravity
• Bound states and the Bekenstein bound
• Testing Holographic Principle from Logarithmic and Higher Order Corrections to Black Hole Entropy
• Holographic Dark Energy Model and Scalar-Tensor Theories
• Holographic and Gravity-Thermodynamic Approaches in Entropic Cosmology: Bayesian Assessment using late-time Data
• Barrow Holographic Dark Energy Model with GO Cut-off -- An Alternative Perspective
• Quantum Mechanical Spectra of Charged Black Holes
• Probing Quantum Geometry at LHC
• Boundary conditions and the entropy bound
• Defining Entropy Bounds
• Uncertainty relation and non-dispersive states in Finite Quantum Mechanics
• Cosmological constraints on the new holographic dark energy model with action principle
• Extensivity Versus Holography in Anti-de Sitter Spaces
• Virtual Black Holes, Remnants and the Information Paradox
• Entanglement system, Casimir energy and black hole
• The Boulware State and the Generalised Second Law of Thermodynamics
• Weak Gravity Conjecture for the Effective Field Theories with N Species
• Optical geometry for gravitational collapse and Hawking radiation
• Expanding Universe: slowdown or speedup?
• An effective field theory of holographic dark energy
• Entropy Bound of Horizons for Accelerating, Rotating and Charged Plebanski-Demianski Black Hole
• Does the generalized second law require entropy bounds for a charged system?
• The optimal entropy bound and the self-energy of test objects in the vicinity of a black hole
• Rotational superradiance with Bogoliubov dispersion
• Entropy bound for a rotating system from Anti de Sitter black holes
• Harmonic resolution as a holographic quantum number
• A Conformal Field Theory of a Rotating Dyon
• Daemon detection experiment
• Operational definition of (brane induced) space-time and constraints on the fundamental parameters
• Interacting viscous entropy-corrected holographic scalar field models of dark energy with time-varying G in modified FRW cosmology
• Modeling Position and Momentum in Finite-Dimensional Hilbert Spaces via Generalized Pauli Operators
• Higher-dimensional violations of the holographic entropy bound
• Bayesian Comparison of Interacting Modified Holographic Ricci Dark Energy Scenarios
• Topological Holography
• Hyperentropic systems and the generalized second law of thermodynamics
• Effective field theory, large number of particle species, and holography
• A braneworld puzzle about entropy bounds and a maximal temperature
• Notes on the Quantum Corrections of Swampland and Trans-Planckian Censorship Conjecture
• A lower bound on the Bekenstein-Hawking temperature of black holes
• A Note on the Swampland Distance Conjecture
• Fluctuations of spacetime and holographic noise in atomic interferometry
• Holographic Magnetic Star
• Space-time uncertainty relation and operational definition of dimension
• Dark energy due to effective quantum field theory
• Early universe thermostatistics in curved momentum spaces
• Closed universes can satisfy the holographic principle in three dimensions
• Accretion of Holographic Dark Energy : Dependency only upon Horizon Radius of Expanding Universe
• Bulk Reconstruction from Generalized Free Fields
• Quantum buoyancy, generalized second law, and higher-dimensional entropy bounds
• Constraints on Generalized Gravity-Thermodynamic Cosmology from DESI DR2
• A Note on Thermodynamics and Holography of Moving Giant Gravitons
• Random versus holographic fluctuations of the background metric. I. (Cosmological) running of space-time dimension
• Virtual Reality in the World of Holograms
• Designer black holes from new 2D gravity
• Holography, Entropy and Extra Dimensions
• Overlapping qubits from non-isometric maps and de Sitter tensor networks
• Relativity principle with a low energy invariant scale
• Revisiting Holographic Dark Energy in Cyclic Cosmology
• Post-firewall paradoxes
• Zero Cosmological Constant and Nonzero Dark Energy from Holographic Principle
• Quantum-gravitational running/reduction of space-time dimension
• A self-consistency check for unitary propagation of Hawking quanta
• Quantum Bound on the Specific Entropy in Strong-Coupled Scalar Field Theory
• The holographic entropy bound in higher-dimensional spacetimes: As strong as ever
• The Bekenstein Bound in Asymptotically Free Field Theory
• Isentropic processes for axisymmetric Black Holes
• The generalized second law for fermionic and bosonic fields
• Demons in Black Hole Thermodynamics: Bekenstein and Hawking
• Dark Sector Cosmology
• The Coincidence Problem in Holographic f(R) Gravity
• Random versus holographic fluctuations of the background metric. II. Note on the dark energies arising due to microstructure of space-time
• Large N field theories from superstrings
• Nonperturbative Isentropic Processes in AdS Black Holes with Nonlinear Electrodynamics
• On the nature of the black hole information problem
• How Holographic is the Dark Energy? A Spline Nodal reconstruction approach
• Implications of a holographic density of states on inflation
• GUP/BEB correspondence
• The generalized second law for Kerr-Taub-NUT black holes perturbed by test field
• On the analogy between black holes and bathtub vortices
• The Quantum and Statistical Theory of Early Universe and Its Possible Applications to Cosmology
• Effective Field Theory with a Variable Ultraviolet Cutoff