Spin-Gap Proximity Effect Mechanism of High Temperature Superconductivity

Abstract

When holes are doped into an antiferromagnetic insulator they form a slowly fluctuating array of ``topological defects'' (metallic stripes) in which the motion of the holes exhibits a self-organized quasi one-dimensional electronic character. The accompanying lateral confinement of the intervening Mott-insulating regions induces a spin gap or pseudogap in the environment of the stripes. We present a theory of underdoped high temperature superconductors and show that there is a {\it local} separation of spin and charge, and that the mobile holes on an individual stripe acquire a spin gap via pair hopping between the stripe and its environment; i.e. via a magnetic analog of the usual superconducting proximity effect. In this way a high pairing scale without a large mass renormalization is established despite the strong Coulomb repulsion between the holes. Thus the {\it mechanism} of pairing is the generation of a spin gap in spatially-confined {\it Mott-insulating} regions of the material in the proximity of the metallic stripes. At non-vanishing stripe densities, Josephson coupling between stripes produces a dimensional crossover to a state with long-range superconducting phase coherence. This picture is established by obtaining exact and well-controlled approximate solutions of a model of a one-dimensional electron gas in an active environment. An extended discussion of the experimental evidence supporting the relevance of these results to the cuprate superconductors is given.

30 pages, 2 figures

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• Delocalization in Coupled Luttinger Liquids with Impurities
• The Mechanism of High-Tc Superconductivity: "Nonlinear" Superconductivity
• Metallic charge stripes in cuprates
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• Effects of domain walls on hole motion in the two-dimensional t-J model at finite temperature
• Quantum Monte Carlo simulations of the t-Jz model with stripes on the square lattice
• Probing the pseudogap and beyond: Examining single-particle properties of the hole- and electron-doped Hubbard model
• Incommensurate Antiferromagnetic Order in the Fe-substituted Bi-2201 Cuprate in the Heavily Overdoped Regime
• Theoretical study of interacting electrons in one dimension - ground states and experimental signatures
• Nontrivial behavior of the Fermi arc in the staggered-flux ordered phase
• Fragmentation of bands and the Fermi surfaces in stripe phases