Local Spin-Gauge Symmetry of the Bose-Einstein Condensates in Atomic Gases

Abstract

The Bose-Einstein condensates of alkali atomic gases are spinor fields with local ``spin-gauge" symmetry. This symmetry is manifested by a superfluid velocity ${\mathbf{u}}_s$ (or gauge field) generated by the Berry phase of the spin field. In ``static" traps, ${\mathbf{u}}_s$ splits the degeneracy of the harmonic energy levels, breaks the inversion symmetry of the vortex nucleation frequency ${\mathbf{\Omega }}_{c1}$, and can lead to {\em vortex ground states}. The inversion symmetry of ${\mathbf{\Omega }}_{c1}$, however, is not broken in ``dynamic" traps. Rotations of the atom cloud can be generated by adiabatic effects without physically rotating the entire trap.

Typos in the previous version corrected, thanks to the careful reading of Daniel L. Cox. 13 pages + 2 Figures in uuencode + gzip form

References in corpus (1)

• Ground-State Properties of Magnetically Trapped Bose-Condensed Rubidium Gas

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