Numerical Study of the stability of Skyrmions in Bose-Einstein Condensates

Abstract

We show that the stability of three-dimensional Skyrmions in trapped Bose-Einstein condensates depends critically on scattering lengths, atom numbers, trap rotation and trap anisotropy. In particular, for the ${}^{87}$Rb $|F=1,m_f=-1>$, $|F=2,m_f=1>$ hyperfine states stability is sensitive to the scattering lengths at the level of their present experimental uncertainties. In a cigar shaped trap, we find stable Skyrmions with as few as $2\times 10^6$ atoms, a number which scales with the inverse square root of the trap frequency. These can be stabilized against drift out of the trap by laser pinning.

8 pages, 8 figures; considered revised scattering length; added offset traps section; significant quantitative changes in results

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• Excited spin states and phase separation in spinor Bose-Einstein condensates
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