SU(2)xU(1) unified theory for charge, orbit and spin currents

Abstract

Spin and charge currents in systems with Rashba or Dresselhaus spin-orbit couplings are formulated in a unified version of four-dimensional SU(2)$\times$U(1) gauge theory, with U(1) the Maxwell field and SU(2) the Yang-Mills field. While the bare spin current is non-conserved, it is compensated by a contribution from the SU(2) gauge field, which gives rise to a spin torque in the spin transport, consistent with the semi-classical theory of Culcer et al. Orbit current is shown to be non-conserved in the presence of electromagnetic fields. Similar to the Maxwell field inducing forces on charge and charge current, we derive forces acting on spin and spin current induced by the Yang Mills fields such as the Rashba and Dresselhaus fields and the sheer strain field. The spin density and spin current may be considered as a source generating Yang-Mills field in certain condensed matter systems.

Revtex, 6 pages, section IV revised, to be published in Journal of Physics A

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• Theory of conserved spin current and its application to two dimensional hole gas
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• Classical Yang-Mills theory in condensed matter physics
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• Understanding spin Hall effects from the motion in SU(2)XU(1) fields
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• Gauge transformations of Spin-Orbit interactions in graphene
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• Description of spin transport and precession in spin-orbit coupling systems and a general equation of continuity
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• Transverse force generated by an electric field and transverse charge imbalance in spin-orbit coupled systems
• Magnetoelectric effects in diffusive two-dimensional superconductors studied by the nonlinear $\sigma$ model
• Topological Force and Torque in Spin-Orbit Coupling System
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• Perfect spin filtering device through a Mach Zehnder interferometer in GaAs/AlGaAs electron gas
• Spin Hall effect associated with SU(2) gauge field
• Spin-deformation coupling in two-dimensional polar materials
• Using torsion to manipulate spin currents
• Spin Force and Torque in Non-relativistic Dirac Oscillator on a Sphere
• Spin relaxation of two-dimensional electrons with a hierarchy of spin-orbit couplings
• Pure Gauge Spin-Orbit Couplings
• Vacuum fluctuations and the spin current in mesoscopic structures with collinear magnetic order
• Conserved spin Hall conductance in two dimensional electron gas in a perpendicular magnetic field
• Mach-Zehnder Interferometric device for spin filtering in a GaAs/AlGaAs electron gas
• Spin-Orbital Driven Ferroelectricity
• Spin transverse force and quantum transverse transport
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• Anomalous Topological Bloch Oscillations under Non-Abelian Gauge Fields
• Tunneling spin current and spin diode behavior in bilayer system
• Some exact identities connecting one- and two-particle Green's functions in spin-orbit coupling systems