A fluidized granular medium as an instance of the Fluctuation Theorem
arXiv:cond-mat/0308212 · doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.92.164301
Abstract
We study the statistics of the power flux into a collection of inelastic beads maintained in a fluidized steady-state by external mechanical driving. The power shows large fluctuations, including frequent large negative fluctuations, about its average value. The relative probabilities of positive and negative fluctuations in the power flux are in close accord with the Fluctuation Theorem of Gallavotti and Cohen, even at time scales shorter than those required by the theorem. We also compare an effective temperature that emerges from this analysis to the kinetic granular temperature.
4 pages, 5 figures, submited to Physical Review Letters; Revised version
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