Anomalous fluctuation relations

Abstract

We complement and extend our work on fluctuation relations arising in nonequilibrium systems in steady states driven by Lévy noise [Phys. Rev. E 76, 020101(R) (2006)]. As a concrete example, we consider a particle subjected to a drag force and a Lévy white noise with tail index $\mu \in (0,2]$, and calculate the probability distribution of the work done on the particle by the drag force, as well as the probability distribution of the work dissipated by the dragged particle in a nonequilibrium steady state. For $0<\mu <2$, both distributions satisfy what we call an anomalous fluctuation relation, characterized by positive and negative fluctuations that asymptotically have the same probability. For $\mu =2$, by contrast, the work and dissipated work distributions satisfy the known conventional and extended fluctuation relations, respectively, which are both characterized by positive fluctuations that are exponentially more probable than negative fluctuations. The difference between these different fluctuation relations is discussed in the context of large deviation theory. Experiments that could probe or reveal anomalous fluctuation relations are also discussed.

v1: 14 pages, 5 figures, RevTeX format. v2: 12 pages, many changes to the text, close to published version

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