Thermal Conductivity across the Phase Diagram of Cuprates: Low-Energy Quasiparticles and Doping Dependence of the Superconducting Gap

Abstract

Heat transport in the cuprate superconductors YBa${}_2$Cu${}_3$O${}_y$ and La${}_{2-x}$Sr${}_x$CuO${}_4$ was measured at low temperatures as a function of doping. A residual linear term kappa_{0}/T is observed throughout the superconducting region and it decreases steadily as the Mott insulator is approached from the overdoped regime. The low-energy quasiparticle gap extracted from kappa_{0}/T is seen to scale closely with the pseudogap. The ubiquitous presence of nodes and the tracking of the pseudogap shows that the overall gap remains of the pure d-wave form throughout the phase diagram, which excludes the possibility of a complex component (ix) appearing at a putative quantum phase transition and argues against a non-superconducting origin to the pseudogap. A comparison with superfluid density measurements reveals that the quasiparticle effective charge is weakly dependent on doping and close to unity.

12 pages, 9 figures

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