The Spin Excitation Spectrum in Superconducting $\mathbf{YB}{\mathbf{a}}_2\mathbf{C}{\mathbf{u}}_3{\mathbf{O}}_{6.85}$

Abstract

A comprehensive inelastic neutron scattering study of magnetic excitations in the near-optimally doped high-temperature superconductor $\mathrm{YB}{\mathrm{a}}_2\mathrm{C}{\mathrm{u}}_3{\mathrm{O}}_{6.85}$ is presented. The spin correlations in the normal state are commensurate with the crystal lattice, and the intensity is peaked around the wave vector characterizing the antiferromagnetic state of the insulating precursor $\mathrm{YB}{\mathrm{a}}_2\mathrm{C}{\mathrm{u}}_3{\mathrm{O}}_6$. Profound modifications of the spin excitation spectrum appear abruptly below the superconducting transition temperature, ${\mathrm{T}}_{\mathrm{C}}$, where a commensurate resonant mode and a set of weaker incommensurate peaks develop. The data are consistent with models based on an underlying two-dimensional Fermi surface that predict a continuous, downward dispersion relation connecting the resonant mode and the incommensurate excitations. The magnetic incommensurability in the $\mathrm{YB}{\mathrm{a}}_2\mathrm{C}{\mathrm{u}}_3{\mathrm{O}}_{6+\mathrm{x}}$ system is thus not simply related to that of another high temperature superconductor, $\mathrm{L}{\mathrm{a}}_{2-\mathrm{x}}\mathrm{S}{\mathrm{r}}_{\mathrm{x}}\mathrm{Cu}{\mathrm{O}}_4$, where incommensurate peaks persist well above ${\mathrm{T}}_{\mathrm{C}}$. The temperature dependent incommensurability is difficult to reconcile with interpretations based on charge stripe formation in $\mathrm{YB}{\mathrm{a}}_2\mathrm{C}{\mathrm{u}}_3{\mathrm{O}}_{6+\mathrm{x}}$ near optimum doping.

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