Galactic Bulges

Abstract

We review current knowledge on the structure, properties and evolution of galactic bulges, considering particularly common preconceptions in the light of recent observational results.

in press, Annual Review Astron. Astrophys. 35 1997. Plain tex, 9 figures included. Also available by anonymous ftp at ftp://ftp.ast.cam.ac.uk/pub/gil/

Cited by in corpus (117)

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• Structural and Photometric Classification of Galaxies - I. Calibration Based on a Nearby Galaxy Sample
• Unified Rotation Curve of the Galaxy -- Decomposition into de Vaucouleurs Bulge, Disk, Dark Halo, and the 9-kpc Rotation Dip --
• Bulgeless Giant Galaxies Challenge our Picture of Galaxy Formation by Hierarchical Clustering
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• Far-Ultraviolet Radiation from Elliptical Galaxies
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• Quantifying the Coexistence of Massive Black Holes and Dense Nuclear Star Clusters
• Chemodynamical history of the Galactic Bulge
• HST/STIS Spectra of Nuclear Star Clusters in Spiral Galaxies: Dependence of Age and Mass On Hubble Type
• Abundances of Baade's Window Giants from Keck/HIRES Spectra: I. Stellar Parameters and [Fe/H] Values
• Chemical evolution of the Galactic bulge as traced by microlensed dwarf and subgiant stars. VI. Age and abundance structure of the stellar populations in the central sub-kpc of the Milky Way
• Growth of Galactic Bulges by Mergers: I. Dense Satellites
• The Carnegie-Irvine Galaxy Survey. I. Overview and Atlas of Optical Images
• The structure of the Galactic bar
• Spectral Models for Low-luminosity Active Galactic Nuclei in LINERs: The Role of Advection-dominated Accretion and Jets
• Photometry and the Metallicity Distribution of the Outer Halo of M31
• Composite Bulges: The Coexistence of Classical Bulges and Disky Pseudobulges in S0 and Spiral Galaxies
• K-Band Observations of Boxy Bulges. I. Morphology and Surface Brightness Profiles
• Astrophysically Motivated Bulge-Disk Decompositions of SDSS Galaxies
• Galaxy Populations and Evolution in Clusters III. The Origin of Low-Mass Galaxies in Clusters: Constraints from Stellar Populations
• Infrared stellar populations in the central parts of the Milky Way galaxy
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• Galaxy And Mass Assembly (GAMA): Stellar mass functions by Hubble type
• Spitzer Imaging of i'-drop Galaxies: Old Stars at z~6
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• The (black hole)-bulge mass scaling relation at low masses
• Galactic Bulges from HST NICMOS Observations: central galaxian objects, and nuclear profile slopes
• PHIBSS2: survey design and z=0.5-0.8 results. Molecular gas reservoirs during the winding-down of star formation
• Integrated Spectroscopy of Bulge Globular Clusters and Fields I. The Data Base and Comparison of Individual Lick Indices in Clusters and Bulge
• On the Masses of Galaxies in the Local Universe
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• Late-type galaxies observed with SAURON. Two-dimensional stellar and emission-line kinematics of 18 spirals
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• Growth of galactic bulges by mergers. II. Low-density satellites
• Quantifying the role of bars in the build-up of central mass concentrations in disk galaxies
• Rejuvenation of spiral bulges
• Stellar Populations in Bulges
• The three phases of galaxy formation
• Hyper Suprime-Cam Subaru Strategic Program: A Mass-Dependent Slope of the Galaxy Size-Mass Relation at $z<1$
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• Old and young bulges in late-type disk galaxies
• Radial Gas Flows in Colliding Galaxies: Connecting Simulations and Observations
• CO-bandhead spectroscopy of IC 342: mass and age of the nuclear star cluster
• HST Optical-NIR Colors of Nearby $R^{1/4}$ and Exponential Bulges
• Bulges on the Fundamental Plane of Early-Type Galaxies
• H-alpha Imaging of Early-type(Sa-Sab) Spiral Galaxies I
• Star formation history of the Galactic bulge from deep HST imaging of low reddening windows
• The Millennium Galaxy Catalogue: Exploring the Color-Concentration Bimodality via Bulge-Disc Decomposition
• Homogenization of the Stellar Population along Late-Type Spiral Galaxies
• Photometric properties and origin of bulges in SB0 galaxies
• A Study of the Effect of Bulges on Bar Formation in Disk galaxies
• An Observational Guide to Identifying Pseudobulges and Classical Bulges in Disk Galaxies
• Galactic Bulges from HST NICMOS Observations: Global Scaling Relations
• Natures of a clump-origin bulge: a pseudobulge-like but old metal-rich bulge
• An Optimal Strategy for Accurate Bulge-to-disk Decomposition of Disk Galaxies
• Central Star Formation in Pseudobulges and Classical Bulges
• Bulge Globular Clusters in Spiral Galaxies
• Something about the structure of the Galaxy
• The Relative Star Formation Histories of Spiral Bulges and Elliptical Galaxies in the Hubble Deep Fields
• Surface Brightness Fluctuations of Fornax Cluster Galaxies: Calibration of Infrared SBFs and Evidence for Recent Star Formation
• Abundances in bulge stars from high-resolution, near-IR spectra I. The CNO elements observed during the science verification of CRIRES at VLT
• The Nature of the Optical Light in Seyfert 2 Galaxies with Polarized Continuum
• Forming Young Bulges within Existing Disks: Statistical Evidence for External Drivers
• The Carnegie-Irvine Galaxy Survey. VIII. Demographics of Bulges along the Hubble Sequence
• The DEEP Groth Strip Galaxy Redshift Survey. VIII. The Evolution of Luminous Field Bulges at Redshift z ~ 1
• The Carnegie-Irvine Galaxy Survey. IX. Classification of Bulge Types and Statistical Properties of Pseudo Bulges
• The Zurich Environmental Study (ZENS) of Galaxies in Groups along the Cosmic Web. II. Galaxy Structural Measurements and the Concentration of Morphologically Classified Satellites in Diverse Environments
• Relaxation in stellar systems and the shape and rotation of the inner dark halo
• The Angstrom Project: a microlensing survey of the structure and composition of the bulge of the Andromeda galaxy
• Pseudobulges in the Disk Galaxies NGC 7690 and NGC 4593
• The Evolutionary History of Galactic Bulges: Photometric and Spectroscopic Studies of Distant Spheroids in the GOODS Fields
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• Searching for Bulges at the End of the Hubble Sequence
• Halpha Kinematics of S4G Spiral Galaxies - III. Inner rotation curves
• The combined and respective roles of imaging and stellar kinematics in identifying galaxy merger remnants
• The effect of bars on the M-sigma relation: offset, scatter and residuals correlations
• Detailed Analysis of Nearby Bulgelike Dwarf Stars III. Alpha and Heavy-element abundances
• The nature of late-type spiral galaxies: structural parameters, optical and near-infrared colour profiles, and dust extinction
• The Milky Way Bulge: Observed properties and a comparison to external galaxies
• Chemical evolution of the Galactic bulge as traced by microlensed dwarf and subgiant stars. Detailed abundance analysis of OGLE-2008-BLG-209S
• Revisiting the stellar mass -- angular momentum -- morphology relation: extension to higher bulge fraction, and the effect of bulge type
• Origin of the metallicity distribution of the NGC 5128 stellar halo
• Origin of chemical and dynamical properties of the Galactic thick disk
• The continuous rise of bulges out of galactic disks
• Rotation Curves of Galaxies by Fourth Order Gravity
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• The Metal-rich Globular Cluster NGC6553: Observations with WFPC2, STIS, and NICMOS
• Angular momentum of $z\sim 1.5$ galaxies and their local analogues with adaptive optics
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• The evolution of disc galaxies with and without classical bulges since z~1
• The Relative Growth of Black Holes and of the Stellar Components of Galaxies
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• Magnitude and size evolution of bulgeless galaxies
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• Secular Evolution of Spiral Galaxies
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• The intrinsic shape of galaxy bulges
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• Self-gravitating systems in Extended Gravity
• Stellar populations of bulges at low redshift
• Age and metallicity gradients in the Galactic Bulge - A differential study using HST/WFPC2
• CATS: Optical to Near-Infrared Colors of the Bulge and Disk of Two z=0.7 Galaxies Using HST and Keck Laser Adaptive Optics Imaging
• Metallicity and kinematical clues to the formation of the Local Group