The number, luminosity, and mass density of spiral galaxies as a function of surface brightness

Abstract

I give analytic expressions for the relative number, luminosity, and mass density of disc galaxies as a function of surface brightness. These surface brightness distributions are asymmetric, with long tails to lower surface brightnesses. This asymmetry induces systematic errors in most determinations of the galaxy luminosity function. Galaxies of low surface brightness exist in large numbers, but the additional contribution to the integrated luminosity density is modest, probably 10 -- 30%.

Accepted for publication in MNRAS. Uuencoded compressed tarred postscript. Also available at http://www.ast.cam.ac.uk/preprint/PrePrint.html

Cited by in corpus (85)

• Hierarchical Galaxy Formation
• Modified Newtonian Dynamics (MOND): Observational Phenomenology and Relativistic Extensions
• Modified Newtonian Dynamics as an Alternative to Dark Matter
• The Formation of Disk Galaxies
• The properties and luminosity function of extremely low luminosity galaxies
• Testing the Dark Matter Hypothesis with Low Surface Brightness Galaxies and Other Evidence
• Faint Blue Galaxies
• The Baryon Content of Extremely Low Mass Dwarf Galaxies
• High-resolution rotation curves of low surface brightness galaxies: Data
• Galaxies at the extremes: Ultra-diffuse galaxies in the Virgo Cluster
• The HI Mass Function of Galaxies from a Deep Survey in the 21cm Line
• Gas Mass Fractions and the Evolution of Spiral Galaxies
• Testing the Hypothesis of Modified Dynamics with Low Surface Brightness Galaxies and Other Evidence
• Illuminating Low-Surface-Brightness Galaxies with the Hyper Suprime-Cam Survey
• The local space density of Sb-Sdm galaxies as function of their scalesize, surface brightness and luminosity
• From galactic bars to the Hubble tension: weighing up the astrophysical evidence for Milgromian gravity
• The 2dF Galaxy Redshift Survey: The Number and Luminosity Density of Galaxies
• The ultra-diffuse galaxy NGC 1052-DF2 with MUSE: I. Kinematics of the stellar body
• The Ursa Major Cluster of Galaxies. II. Bimodality of the Distribution of Central Surface Brightnesses
• New Galaxies Discovered in the First Blind HI Survey of the Centaurus A Group
• Stability of disk galaxies in the modified dynamics
• Observational Properties of Ultra-Diffuse Galaxies in the Field: Field-UDGs are Predominantly Blue and Starforming
• First Results from the HI Jodrell All Sky Survey: Inclination-Dependent Selection Effects in a 21-cm Blind Survey
• Halo mass estimates from the Globular Cluster populations of 175 Low Surface Brightness Galaxies in the Fornax Cluster
• Low Surface Brightness Galaxies selected from the 40% sky area of the ALFALFA HI survey.I.Sample and statistical properties
• NIHAO XXI: The emergence of Low Surface Brightness galaxies
• The ESO-Sculptor Survey: Luminosity functions of galaxies per spectral type at redshifts 0.1-0.5
• A Normal Stellar Disk in the Galaxy Malin 1
• A new HI catalog of Low Surface Brightness galaxies out to z=0.1 - Tripling the number of massive LSB galaxies Known
• A K-band central disk surface-brightness correlation with scale-length for early-type disk galaxies, and the inclination correction
• A Deep Survey of HI-Selected Galaxies: The Sample and the Data
• The cosmological significance of Low Surface Brightness galaxies found in a deep blind neutral-hydrogen survey
• A large sample of low surface brightness disk galaxies from the SDSS. I: The sample and the stellar populations
• The HI Companions of HII Galaxies and Low Surface Brightness Dwarf Galaxies
• Starburst in HS 0822+3542 induced by the very blue LSB dwarf SAO 0822+3545
• The Southern Dwarf Hunt: Local Group Dwarf Candidates in the Southern Sky
• New HI-detected Galaxies in the Zone of Avoidance
• Very Isolated Early-Type Galaxies
• Automated detection of very Low Surface Brightness galaxies in the Virgo Cluster
• The modified dynamics (MOND) predicts an absolute maximum to the acceleration produced by `dark halos'
• The Faint End of the Luminosity Function and Low Surface Brightness Galaxies
• Models of Disk Evolution: Confrontation with Observations
• Self-consistent Color-Mass-to-Light-Ratio relations for Low Surface Brightness Galaxies
• Low Surface Brightness Galaxy catalogue selected from the alpha.40-SDSS DR7 Survey and Tully-Fisher relation
• Dynamics of ``Small Galaxies'' in the Hubble Deep Field
• Disk Galaxies in the Outer Local Supercluster: Optical CCD Surface Photometry and Distribution of Galaxy Disk Parameters
• A large sample of low surface brightness disc galaxies from the SDSS- II. Metallicities in surface brightness bins
• A cosmological study of the star formation history in the solar neighbourhood
• An optical search for Low Surface Brightness Galaxies in the Arecibo HI Strip Survey
• Revisiting the Size-Luminosity Relation in the Era of Ultra Diffuse Galaxies
• Automatic detection of low surface brightness galaxies from SDSS images
• Galaxy And Mass Assembly (GAMA): detection of low-surface-brightness galaxies from SDSS data
• The Arecibo Ultra-Deep Survey
• The Luminosity Function and Surface Brightness Distribution of HI Selected Galaxies
• Comparing Galaxies and Lyman Alpha Absorbers at Low Redshift
• Low Surface Brightness Galaxies around the HDF-S: II. Distances and volume densities
• Estimation of the Space Density of Low Surface Brightness Galaxies
• An $\mathrm{H}\alpha$ Imaging Survey of the Low Surface Brightness Galaxies Selected from the Spring Sky Region of the 40% ALFALFA HI Survey
• A shallow dark matter halo in Ultra Diffuse Galaxy AGC 242019: are UDGs structurally similar to low surface brightness galaxies?
• Long-slit Spectroscopy of Edge-on Low Surface Brightness Galaxies
• A Sample of Edge-on HI-rich low-surface-brightness Galaxy Candidates in the 40% ALFALFA Catalog
• Shedding Light on Low Surface Brightness Galaxies in Dark Energy Survey with Transformers
• The bimodal spiral galaxy surface brightness distribution
• The z<=0.1 Surface Brightness Distribution
• An HI selected sample of galaxies - The HI mass function and the surface brightness distribution
• Galaxy Selection and Clustering and Lyman alpha Absorber Identification
• Bimodality of Galaxy Disk Central Surface Brightness Distribution in the Spitzer 3.6 micron band
• The galaxy ancestor problem
• New and Old Tests of Cosmological Models and Evolution of Galaxies
• Nuclear X-ray Activity in Low-Surface-Brightness Galaxies: Prospects for Constraining the Local Black Hole Occupation Fraction with a Chandra Successor Mission
• SDSS J121811.0+465501.2: a new Low Surface Brightness Galaxy with low metallicity
• Spitzer's View of the Candidate Cluster and Protocluster Catalog (CCPC)
• A cosmologically motivated description of the dark matter halo profile for the Low Surface Brightness Galaxy, Malin 1
• Galaxy And Mass Assembly (GAMA): $\mathbf{z}\sim 0$ Galaxy Luminosity Function down to $\mathbf{L}\sim 10^6{\mathbf{L}}_{\odot }$ via Clustering Based Redshift Inference
• Retrieving Bulge and Disk Parameters and Asymptotic Magnitudes from the Growth Curves of Galaxies
• HI 21 cm observation and mass models of the extremely thin galaxy FGC 1440
• DES to HSC: Detecting low surface brightness galaxies in the Abell 194 cluster using transfer learning
• Photometric deprojection of edge-on galaxies
• Local Stability of Galactic Discs in Modified Dynamics
• Galaxies as Fluctuations in the Ionizing Background Radiation at Low Redshift
• UV and NIR size of the HI selected low surface brightness galaxies
• Low surface brightness galaxies from BASS+MzLS with Machine Learning
• Galactic Scaling Rules in a Modified Dynamical Model
• Simulations of LyαAbsorption from Low Surface Brightness Galaxies
• The properties of a large sample of low surface brightness galaxies from SDSS