Stellar halos and elliptical galaxy formation: Origin of dynamical properties of the planetary nebular systems

Abstract

Recent spectroscopic observations of planetary nebulae (PNe) in several elliptical galaxies have revealed structural and kinematical properties of the outer stellar halo regions. In order to elucidate the origin of the properties of these planetary nebula systems (PNSs), we consider the merger scenario in which an elliptical galaxy is formed by merging of spiral galaxies. Using numerical simulations, we particularly investigate radial profiles of projected PNe number densities, rotational velocities, and velocity dispersions of PNSs extending to the outer halo regions of elliptical galaxies formed from major and unequal-mass merging. We find that the radial profiles of the project number densities can be fitted to the power-law and the mean number density in the outer halos of the ellipticals can be more than an order of magnitude higher than that of the original spiral's halo. The PNSs are found to show a significant amount of rotation (V/sigma >0.5) in the outer halo regions ($R$ $>$ $5R_{\mathrm{e}}$) of the ellipticals. Two-dimensional velocity fields of PNSs are derived from the simulations and their dependences on model parameters of galaxy merging are discussed in detail. We compare the simulated kinematics of PNSs with that of the PNS observed in NGC 5128 and thereby discuss advantages and disadvantages of the merger model in explaining the observed kinematics of the PNS. We also find that the kinematics of PNSs in elliptical galaxies are quite diverse depending on the orbital configurations of galaxy merging, the mass ratio of merger progenitor spirals, and the viewing angle of the galaxies. This variation translates directly into possible biases by a factor of more than two in observational mass estimation (abridged). ~ ~

17 pages, 22 figures (including color figures), accepted by MNRAS

Cited by in corpus (7)

• The PN.S Elliptical Galaxy Survey: the dark matter in NGC 4494
• A 2dF spectroscopic study of globular clusters in NGC 5128: Probing the formation history of the nearest giant Elliptical
• The Kinematics and Dynamics of the Globular Clusters and the Planetary Nebulae of NGC 5128
• A Recent Major Merger Tale for the Closest Giant Elliptical Galaxy Centaurus A
• Formation of the off-center bar in the Large Magellanic Cloud: A collision with a dark satellite ?
• Precision Cosmology: Successes and Challenges
• The outermost stellar halo of NGC 5128 (Centaurus A): Radial structure